SynthesisSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2020
The Impact of Sex on Left Ventricular Cardiac Adaptations to Endurance Training: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiac structure and function in elite female athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Physiological reports · 2021Pooled it
- Exercise reverses the sedentary cardiac phenotype in obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of hemodynamic, structural, and functional adaptations.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Scoping review of UK female-firefighters, physical fitness and occupational performance.Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular contributions to dementia: Examining sex differences and female-specific factors.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Review
- Medium-Term Effects of Increased Water Intake and Head-Up Sleep on Cardiovascular Health.JACC. Advances · 2025Article
- Impact of heart rate variability-based exercise prescription: self-guided by technology and trainer-guided exercise in sedentary adults.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular Responses to Eccentric Cycling Based on Perceived Exertion Compared to Concentric Cycling, Effect of Pedaling Rate, and Sex.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Stubborn Exercise Responders-Where to Next?Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Sex and age interaction in fundamental circulatory volumetric variables at peak working capacity.Biology of sex differences · 2022Article
- Interrelation among exercise training, cardiac hypertrophy, and tissue kallikrein-kinin system in athlete and non-athlete women.Journal of cardiovascular and thoracic research · 2022Article
- Sex Differences in Orthostatic Tolerance Are Mainly Explained by Blood Volume and Oxygen Carrying Capacity.Critical care explorations · 2022Article
- A Contemporary Review of the Effects of Exercise Training on Cardiac Structure and Function and Cardiovascular Risk Profile: Insights From Imaging.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- Longitudinal Associations Between Cumulative Physical Activity and Change in Structure and Function of the Left Side of the Heart: The Tromsø Study 2007-2016.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Considerations for Sex-Cognizant Research in Exercise Biology and Medicine.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2022Review
- Twelve weeks of sprint interval training increases peak cardiac output in previously untrained individuals.European journal of applied physiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveThe left ventricle (LV) entrains major prognostic factors amenable to substantial modification with endurance training (ET). Whether LV adaptations to ET are sex-dependent remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the influence of sex on LV adaptations to ET.
methodsWe conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE and Web of Science since their inceptions until September 2019 for articles assessing the effect of ET (≥ 12 weeks) on LV structure and/or function in healthy men and women. Meta-analyses were performed to determine the mean difference in LV variables between post and pre training measurements. The impact of sex and potential moderating factors was assessed by subgroup and meta-regression analyses.
resultsTwenty-six ET studies were included after systematic review, comprising a total of 468 healthy untrained individuals (287♂, 181♀; age = 22-72 years). ET programs mainly included lower body endurance exercise of moderate intensity ranging from 12 to 52 weeks of duration. ET characteristics did not differ between studies in men and women. After data pooling, LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) was increased to a greater extent in men compared with women (+15.6 vs. +5.2 ml. P < 0.004), while LV stroke volume (SV) was only enhanced in men (+9.2 ml, P = 0.006). In contrast, LV mass (LVM) was similarly augmented in men and women (+10.2 vs. +7.0 g. P = 0.50). In meta-regression analyses, negative linear relationships were detected between age and LV adaptations (LVEDV, SV, LVM) in women (P ≤ 0.034) but not in men.
conclusionPooled evidence demonstrates markedly blunted and distinct moderating factors of key LV functional adaptations in women compared with men, despite both sexes presenting a similar LV hypertrophic response to ET.
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Registered trials
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