ArticleJournal of virology2020
Comparison of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Spike Protein Binding to ACE2 Receptors from Human, Pets, Farm Animals, and Putative Intermediate Hosts.
Article in Journal of virology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
117 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 179 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tracing the origin of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2): A systematic review and narrative synthesis.Journal of medical virology · 2022Pooled it
- Natural Flavonoids as Potential Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Inhibitors for Anti-SARS-CoV-2.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Pooled it
- [Review of new evidence about the possible vertical transmission of coronavirus disease-2019].Gaceta sanitariaPooled it
- RNA Virus Diversity, Cross-Species Transmission, and Molecular Constraints in Two Closely Related Rat Species.Integrative zoology · 2026Article
- Immune evasion, infectivity, and membrane fusion of SARS-CoV-2 variants LP.8.1.1, XEC.25.1, XFG, and NB.1.8.1.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Critical amino acid residues in human ACE2 for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding and virus entry.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Determinants of susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in murine ACE2.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Article
- Uncovering the Binding Mechanism of Mutated Omicron Variants via Computational Strategies.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Evolving fitness and immune escape: a retrospective analysis of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (2020-2024) using protein language model.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- IPEC-J2 Autophagy Induced by TLR4 and NSP6 Interactions Facilitate Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Replication.Viruses · 2024Article
- Pseudotyped virus infection of multiplexed ACE2 libraries reveals SARS-CoV-2 variant shifts in receptor usage.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Two-Stage Recognition Mechanism of the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain to Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2).International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Sero-epidemiological investigation and cross-neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants in cats and dogs, Thailand.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in Indoor House Cats From the Lisbon Area During the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2019-2021.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2024Article
- Susceptibility of bovine to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern: insights from ACE2, AXL, and NRP1 receptors.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Demonstration of SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Korean Native Cattle and Korean Native Black Goats in Korea.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Article
- First serological evidence of SARS-CoV-2 natural infection in small ruminants : Brief report.Veterinary research communications · 2023Article
- Future trajectory of SARS-CoV-2: Constant spillover back and forth between humans and animals.Virus research · 2023Review
57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The emergence of a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), resulted in a pandemic. Here, we used X-ray structures of human ACE2 bound to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein (S) from SARS-CoV-2 to predict its binding to ACE2 proteins from different animals, including pets, farm animals, and putative intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2. Comparing the interaction sites of ACE2 proteins known to serve or not serve as receptors allows the definition of residues important for binding. From the 20 amino acids in ACE2 that contact S, up to 7 can be replaced and ACE2 can still function as the SARS-CoV-2 receptor. These variable amino acids are clustered at certain positions, mostly at the periphery of the binding site, while changes of the invariable residues prevent S binding or infection of the respective animal. Some ACE2 proteins even tolerate the loss or acquisition of N-glycosylation sites located near the S interface. Of note, pigs and dogs, which are not infected or are not effectively infected and have only a few changes in the binding site, exhibit relatively low levels of ACE2 in the respiratory tract. Comparison of the RBD of S of SARS-CoV-2 with that from bat coronavirus strain RaTG13 (Bat-CoV-RaTG13) and pangolin coronavirus (Pangolin-CoV) strain hCoV-19/pangolin/Guangdong/1/2019 revealed that the latter contains only one substitution, whereas Bat-CoV-RaTG13 exhibits five. However, ACE2 of pangolin exhibits seven changes relative to human ACE2, and a similar number of substitutions is present in ACE2 of bats, raccoon dogs, and civets, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 may not be especially adapted to ACE2 of any of its putative intermediate hosts. These analyses provide new insight into the receptor usage and animal source/origin of SARS-CoV-2.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.