ArticleMarine drugs2020
Inspired by Sea Urchins: Warburg Effect Mediated Selectivity of Novel Synthetic Non-Glycoside 1,4-Naphthoquinone-6S-Glucose Conjugates in Prostate Cancer.
Article in Marine drugs, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anticancer activity of triterpene glycosides from the sea star Solaster pacificus.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Targeting Prostate Cancer Metabolism Through Transcriptional and Epigenetic Modulation: A Multi-Target Approach to Therapeutic Innovation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Research progress on circular RNA in the regulation of drug resistance in genitourinary cancers.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Review
- Mitochondrial involvement in PC: improving therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- New Marine Fungal Deoxy-14,15-Dehydroisoaustamide Resensitizes Prostate Cancer Cells to Enzalutamide.Marine drugs · 2023Article
- Antioxidant and anticholinesterase properties ofFrontiers in chemistry · 2023Article
- Salvage Chemotherapy with Cisplatin, Ifosfamide, and Paclitaxel in Aggressive Variant of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- New Guanidine Alkaloids Batzelladines O and P from the Marine SpongeMarine drugs · 2022Article
- Marine Compounds, Mitochondria, and Malignancy: A Therapeutic Nexus.Marine drugs · 2022Review
- Cytotoxic N-Methylpretrichodermamide B Reveals Anticancer Activity and Inhibits P-Glycoprotein in Drug-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells.Marine drugs · 2022Article
- New diterpenes from the marine sponge Spongionella sp. overcome drug resistance in prostate cancer by inhibition of P-glycoprotein.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- New Antibacterial Chloro-Containing Polyketides from the Alga-Derived FungusJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Multi-target bioactivity of summer quinones production in the Persian Gulf burrowing black-type sea urchin.Heliyon · 2022Article
- Activity of New Synthetic (2-Chloroethylthio)-1,4-naphthoquinones in Prostate Cancer Cells.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Echinoderms Metabolites: Structure, Functions, and Biomedical Perspectives.Marine drugs · 2021Article
- Efficacy and Mechanism of Action of Marine Alkaloid 3,10-Dibromofascaplysin in Drug-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells.Marine drugs · 2020Article
- Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activity Evaluation and Quantitative Structure-Activity Analysis of Substituted 5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-Naphthoquinones and theirMarine drugs · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The phenomenon of high sugar consumption by tumor cells is known as Warburg effect. It results from a high glycolysis rate, used by tumors as preferred metabolic pathway even in aerobic conditions. Targeting the Warburg effect to specifically deliver sugar conjugated cytotoxic compounds into tumor cells is a promising approach to create new selective drugs. We designed, synthesized, and analyzed a library of novel 6-S-(1,4-naphthoquinone-2-yl)-d-glucose chimera molecules (SABs)-novel sugar conjugates of 1,4-naphthoquinone analogs of the sea urchin pigments spinochromes, which have previously shown anticancer properties. A sulfur linker (thioether bond) was used to prevent potential hydrolysis by human glycoside-unspecific enzymes. The synthesized compounds exhibited a Warburg effect mediated selectivity to human prostate cancer cells (including highly drug-resistant cell lines). Mitochondria were identified as a primary cellular target of SABs. The mechanism of action included mitochondria membrane permeabilization, followed by ROS upregulation and release of cytotoxic mitochondrial proteins (AIF and cytochrome C) to the cytoplasm, which led to the consequent caspase-9 and -3 activation, PARP cleavage, and apoptosis-like cell death. These results enable us to further clinically develop these compounds for effective Warburg effect targeting.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.