ArticlePLoS biology2020
Vascularized human cortical organoids (vOrganoids) model cortical development in vivo.
Article in PLoS biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 249 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
249 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 364 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping the Cerebral Organoid Landscape: A Systematic Review of Preclinical 3D Models in Neuroscience.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of the make-up and properties of in vitro models of the healthy and diseased blood-brain barrier.Nature biomedical engineering · 2025Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing co-expression in human neural organoids reveals their high variability in recapitulating primary tissue.PLoS biology · 2024Pooled it
- A beginner's guide on the use of brain organoids for neuroscientists: a systematic review.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Pooled it
- Recent advancements and future requirements in vascularization of cortical organoids.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Pooled it
- Brain organoids as models of extracellular vesicle-mediated human neural communication.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Stem cell derived neural organoid approaches for neurological diseases.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Expanding Genetic Code to Generate Human Brain Organoids with Both Vasculature and Microglia-Like Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Using human 3D organoid models to gain mechanistic insight in motor neuron diseases.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Review
- Vascularized Brain Organoids: Advances in Engineering Human Neurovascular Models.International journal of stem cells · 2026Review
- Advances in vascularized organoids.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Construction Strategies, Microenvironmental Modelling and Precision-Therapy Applications of Glioma Organoid Models.Cancers · 2026Review
- Enzymatically triggered glucose-releasing scaffolds as nutritional supports for millimeter-scale tissue engineering.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Organoids as brain tumour models: bridging the translational gap.Disease models & mechanisms · 2026Review
- Enabling Technologies in Vascular Biology: Microphysiological Systems, Organoids, and Beyond.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Review
- AI-guided design and biomaterial integration for next-generation extracellular vesicle therapeutics: an evidence-weighted translational framework.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Bioengineering advances in pancreatic cancer organoids for reproducible tumor microenvironment modeling.iScience · 2026Review
- Engineering and Integrating Blood Vessel Organoids: a Comprehensive Blueprint for Physiological and Disease Modeling.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
189 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Modeling the processes of neuronal progenitor proliferation and differentiation to produce mature cortical neuron subtypes is essential for the study of human brain development and the search for potential cell therapies. We demonstrated a novel paradigm for the generation of vascularized organoids (vOrganoids) consisting of typical human cortical cell types and a vascular structure for over 200 days as a vascularized and functional brain organoid model. The observation of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs), spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs), and bidirectional electrical transmission indicated the presence of chemical and electrical synapses in vOrganoids. More importantly, single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis illustrated that vOrganoids exhibited robust neurogenesis and that cells of vOrganoids differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to blood vessel morphogenesis. The transplantation of vOrganoids into the mouse S1 cortex resulted in the construction of functional human-mouse blood vessels in the grafts that promoted cell survival in the grafts. This vOrganoid culture method could not only serve as a model to study human cortical development and explore brain disease pathology but also provide potential prospects for new cell therapies for nervous system disorders and injury.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.