ArticleAlcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire)2020
Is Alcohol in Hand Sanitizers Absorbed Through the Skin or Lungs? Implications for Disulfiram Treatment.
Article in Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Novel Handrub Tablet Loaded with Pre- and Post-Biotic Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Combining Virucidal Activity and Maintenance of the Skin Barrier and Microbiome.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Disulfiram: Mechanisms, Applications, and Challenges.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Hand Sanitizer Products Marketed to Children Available during the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 towards Alcohols: Potential for Alcohol-Related Toxicity in Humans.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Driving under the influence of alcohol during the COVID-19 pandemic.Forensic science international · 2021Article
- Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizers in COVID-19 Prevention: A Multidimensional Perspective.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Disulfiram Ethanol Reaction with Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizer: An Exploratory Study.Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) · 2021Article
- Use of Ethanol-Based Hand Disinfectants: Source of Increased Ethyl Glucuronide Levels in Hair?Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) · 2021Article
- Analysis of COVID-19 prevention and treatment in Taiwan.BioMedicine · 2021Review
- Drug Repurposing of the Alcohol Abuse Medication Disulfiram as an Anti-Parasitic Agent.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Alcohol and COVID-19.Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) · 2020Article
- Recognition of a disulfiram ethanol reaction in the emergency department is not always straightforward.PloS one · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimIn view of the increase in the use of ethanol-containing hand sanitizers throughout the world due to the current COVID-19 pandemic, we wished to review the possible risks to patients treated with disulfiram, following a case report in which an apparent DER (disulfiram-ethanol reaction) was attributed to the cutaneous absorption of alcohol from hand sanitizers as well as by inhalation of vapour.
methodSimple experiments to assess the levels of absorption by each route separately.
resultsOur results strongly suggest that while amounts of alcohol sufficient to cause a DER may be inhaled when hand sanitizers are used in confined spaces, absorption can be avoided by dispersal of the fumes, and absorption from the skin alone does not occur in pharmacologically significant quantities.
conclusionWarnings about absorption of alcohol through the skin from hand sanitizers and products such as perfumes, deodorants and after-shave (whose use is often warned against when disulfiram is prescribed) should be modified accordingly.
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