ReviewJournal of environmental health science & engineering2020
Effects of lead and cadmium on the immune system and cancer progression.
Review in Journal of environmental health science & engineering, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 244 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of heavy metal contamination in fish, fruits, and vegetables in Southwest Nigeria: A systematic review.F1000Research · 2024Pooled it
- Towards Integrated Air Pollution Monitoring and Health Impact Assessment Using Federated Learning: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Heavy metal profile of surface and ground water samples from the Niger Delta region of Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2021Pooled it
- Platinum accumulation in chemotherapy: toxicity mechanisms, challenges, and mitigation strategies.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Assessment of Aflatoxins and Heavy Metals inFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Elemental Profiling and Health Risk Assessment of Aromatic Oils Used for Oral and Topical Applications.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Heavy metal transfer and health risk assessment in an abandoned zinc mining-affected soil-rice system in western Thailand.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2026Article
- Highly sensitive voltammetric determination of Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ ions using a carbon paste electrode modified with Mn₀.₅Zn₀.₅Fe₂O₄ spinel ferrite nanoparticles.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Physico-chemical behaviour and microbiological suitability of residual smectitic soils mixed with two mineralized waters for therapeutic and dermocosmetic applications.International journal of biometeorology · 2026Article
- Modulation of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and tumor immunity by metals and metalloids: mechanistic insights and human health implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Endocrine-disrupting properties of heavy metal exposure contribute to the intergenerational effects on learning and memory.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Baseline exposure-response assessment of metals from dried blood spots and personal household air pollution concentrations among pregnant women in Rwanda: household air pollution intervention network trial.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Cancer and Environmental Xenobiotics: Mechanisms, Controversies, and Innovations.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Review
- Evaluation of safety and health risk characterization of some baby foods in Ghana.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils and Gastric Cancer Risk: Molecular Insights and the Relevance of a One Health Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The effective remediation of heavy metal-laden wastewater by employing cement dust derived from industrial activities as a sorbent.RSC advances · 2025Article
- CD44 as a Central Integrator of Inflammation and Fibrosis: From Molecular Signaling to Environmental Modulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Efficient applications of green synthesized CeOScientific reports · 2025Article
- Hair Levels of Lead, Cadmium, Selenium, and Their Associations with Neurotoxicity and Hematological Biomarkers in Children from the Mojana Region, Colombia.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In our daily life, we are surrounded by harmful pollutants, including heavy metals that are not visible in the macroscopic view easily. Heavy metals can disrupt different aspects of human health, such as the immune system which has gained a lot of attention in recent decades. This had led to its rapid progression and new insights into its alterations in different diseases especially cancer. Heavy metals are non-biodegradable materials that exist in different parts of the food cycle, such as fruits and vegetables as commonly consumed foods and also unexpected sources such as street dust, that exists in the streets that we pass every day, soil, air, and water. These heavy metals can enter the human body through respiratory, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal pathways and then accumulate in different organs, leading to their encountering with various parts of the body. These sources and natural characteristics of heavy metals facilitate their interaction with the immune system. In this review, we investigated the effect of lead and cadmium, as pollutants that exist in many different parts of the human environment, on the immune system which is known to have a key role in the pathophysiology of cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.