ArticleTranslational psychiatry2020
Hippocampal glutamate and hippocampus subfield volumes in antipsychotic-naive first episode psychosis subjects and relationships to duration of untreated psychosis.
Article in Translational psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- "Short" Versus "Long" Duration of Untreated Psychosis in People with First-Episode Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Baseline Status and Follow-Up Outcomes.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Pooled it
- Magnetic resonance imaging-based machine learning classification of schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2024Pooled it
- Glutamatergic neurotransmission in schizophrenia: A systematic review and quantitative synthesis of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies across schizophrenia spectrum disorders.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Cognition-Brain Morphology Relationships on the Schizophrenia-Bipolar Disorder Spectrum.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2021Pooled it
- Unsupervised Clustering of ACC and Hippocampal Metabolites Identifies Subgroups in Antipsychotic-Naïve First-Episode Psychosis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Glutamate change in the anterior cingulate cortex after starting clozapine: evaluating 1H-MRS pilot data.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Cognitive subtypes and brain network differences in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode psychosis.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Review
- Distinct subcortical neuroanatomic profiles of treatment-resistant schizophrenia: structural magnetic resonance imaging study.BJPsych open · 2026Article
- A Multimodal Observational Case-Control Study Exploring Gut Microbiota-Hippocampus Alterations in Individuals With High Positive Schizotypy From the General Population.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- Hippocampal volume in affective and non-affective psychosis.Schizophrenia research · 2025Article
- A longitudinal study of hippocampal subfield volumes and hippocampal glutamate levels in antipsychotic-naïve first episode psychosis patients.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Macro- and Microstructural Alterations in the Midbrain in Early Psychosis Associates with Clinical Symptom Scores.eNeuro · 2025Article
- Repeated social defeat in male mice induced unique RNA profiles in projection neurons from the amygdala to the hippocampus.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Higher-Order Intrinsic Brain Network Trajectories After Antipsychotic Treatment in Medication-Naïve Patients With First-Episode Psychosis.Biological psychiatry · 2024Article
- Synapsin 2a tetramerisation selectively controls the presynaptic nanoscale organisation of reserve synaptic vesicles.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Smaller anterior hippocampal subfields in the early stage of psychosis.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- GDNF and miRNA-29a as biomarkers in the first episode of psychosis: uncovering associations with psychosocial factors.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- A novel locomotion-based prepulse inhibition assay in zebrafish larvae.microPublication biology · 2024Article
- Low-dose lithium adjunct to atypical antipsychotic treatment nearly improved cognitive impairment, deteriorated the gray-matter volume, and decreased the interleukin-6 level in drug-naive patients with first schizophrenia symptoms: a follow-up pilot study.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Evidence points toward a relationship between longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and worse long-term outcomes in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP), but the underlying neurobiology remains poorly understood. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies have reported altered hippocampus glutamatergic neurotransmission, and structural MRI as reported hippocampal atrophy that may be associated with memory impairment in schizophrenia. Here, we quantify left hippocampus glutamate (Glx) and left hippocampus subfield volumes in 54 antipsychotic-naive FEP and 41 healthy controls (HC), matched on age, sex, and parental occupation. While there were no significant group difference in Glx levels, hippocampal Glx levels were significantly higher in those who underwent a long DUP (>12 months) compared to those with a short DUP, and compared to HC. Compared to HC, FEP had significantly reduced whole hippocampus volume, as well as of CA1, CA4, granule cell layer, subiculum, and presubiculum subfields. Smaller whole hippocampal volume, as well as CA1, molecular layer, subiculum, presubiculum, and hippocampal tail volumes were significantly associated with longer DUP. However, we found no significant association between hippocampal Glx levels and hippocampal volume or subfields, suggesting that these alterations are not related, or their relationship does not follow a linear pattern. However, our results strongly suggest that one or several pathophysiological processes underlie the DUP. Importantly, our data highlight the critical need for reducing the DUP and for early pharmacological intervention with the hope to prevent structural deficits and, hopefully, improve clinical outcomes.
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