Observational studyThe ISME journal2020
Fish oil supplementation reduces maternal defensive inflammation and predicts a gut bacteriome with reduced immune priming capacity in infants.
Observational study in The ISME journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal characteristics associated with ovalbumin concentrations in breast milk.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026Trial
- Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis of Antarctic Krill Oil in Alleviating DSS-Induced Colitis and Modulating Gut Microbiota in Mice.Marine drugs · 2026Article
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- Longitudinal analysis of human milk oligosaccharides and mucin-2-glycans in infants reveals enrichment of sulfated and glucuronic acid-bearing HMOs.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Eicosapentaenoic Acid Attenuates Inflammation in an LPS-Induced Mouse Model of Mastitis Partly Through Modulation of the PPARγ-NF-κB Signaling Pathway.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Maternal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation shapes offspring gut microbiota to modulate the gut-brain axis in a sow-piglet model.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Parental diet and offspring health: a role for the gut microbiome via epigenetics.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Dose-Dependent Effects of Dietary n-3 Fatty Acids on Bowel Health: Plant-Sourced ALA Modulates Diarrhea Risk While Marine-Sourced DHA/EPA Prevent Constipation in NHANES 2005-2010.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- The relationship of fish oil supplements and plasma fatty acids with lung function decline.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Insight into the effects of Omega-3 fatty acids on gut microbiota: impact of a balanced tissue Omega-6/Omega-3 ratio.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids Regulate Mammary Gland Lipogenesis and Development via GαResearch (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Gut microbes, diet, and genetics as drivers of metabolic liver disease: a narrative review outlining implications for precision medicine.The Journal of nutritional biochemistry · 2024Review
- Review
- Effects of fish oil on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats: inflammatory responses and oxidative stress.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Article
- Current research and future prospects of immunonutrition in gastrointestinal malignancies.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Dietary fatty acid intake in childhood and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: the DIPP birth cohort study.European journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Immunomodulatory effect of marine lipids on food allergy.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Review
- An insight to the therapeutic potential of algae-derived sulfated polysaccharides and polyunsaturated fatty acids: Focusing on the COVID-19.International journal of biological macromolecules · 2022Review
- Any Future for Faecal Microbiota Transplantation as a Novel Strategy for Gut Microbiota Modulation in Human and Veterinary Medicine?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Habitual supplementation of fish oil is thought to provide benefits to the developing infant; however, the effects on infant microbial establishment and immune development are unknown. A 6-month observational cohort study was conducted where 47 out of 91 women self-administered dietary fish oil during breastfeeding. Infant stool and mothers' breast milk were collected each month over 6 months. Gas chromatography was used to quantify breast milk fatty acids and high-throughput sequencing was used to assess the infant fecal microbiota. Immune markers and parent-reported questionnaires were used to assess infant immunity and health up to 2 years. Our results reveal that fish oil supplementation decreased secretory immunoglobulin A and increased IL-10 production in lactating women along with increased breast milk eicosapentaenoic acid, and this corresponded to increased abundances of fecal Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp. in their infants. Docosahexaenoic acid levels in breast milk aligned with decreases in infant gut bacterial richness and the predicted bacterial phenotypes suggested that fish oil lowers commensal traits involved in pathogen colonization resistance. Despite this, there were no differences in sickness incidence in toddlers. This study revealed that fish oil associates with decreases in breast milk defensive inflammatory responses and corresponds with infant fecal microbiota with anti-inflammatory potential.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.