ArticleBMC public health2020
Mapping out a spectrum of the Chinese public's discrimination toward the LGBT community: results from a national survey.
Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- A multicomponent digital intervention to promote help-seeking for mental health problems and suicide in sexual and gender diverse young adults: A randomized controlled trial.PLoS medicine · 2023Trial
- Profiles of parental response, intersectional microaggressions, and mental health problems among sexual and gender minority youth of color.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2026Article
- Psychological distress, stigma, and intersectional marginalization in lesbian and bisexual cisgender women in Chinese higher education: a thematic analysis guided by minority stress theory.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- 'The glowing fireflies': Invisible activism under China's queer necropolitics.Convergence (London, England) · 2025Article
- Surgical Experience and Outcome Evaluation of Genital Gender Affirmation Surgery for Transgender Female in China: A Case Series.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025Article
- A scoping review examining measurement of anti-transgender stigma in low- and middle-income countries.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Gender Minority Stressors and Psychological Distress Among Chinese Transgender and Gender Diverse People: Variable-Centered, Person-Centered, and Psychological Network Approaches.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- Public Restroom Access and Mental Health Among Gender-Minoritized Individuals in China.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Correlates of feeding difficulties among children of Chinese transgender parents.International journal of transgender health · 2024Article
- Sexually transmitted infections and associated risk factors among sexual minority women in China.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Korean Version of the Nursing Student Attitudes and Knowledge toward Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Patients Scale.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Testing Together Behaviors in Secondary Distribution of HIV/Syphilis Self-testing Program Among Men Who have Sex with Men in China.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Rates of breastfeeding or chestfeeding and influencing factors among transgender and gender-diverse parents: a cross sectional study.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
- Determinants of Willingness to Use PrEP Among Gay and Bisexual Men in China Before Implementation: A Structural Equation Modeling Assessment.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale - Gender Spectrum in a Chinese population: scale validation and associations with mental health, self-harm and suicidality.BJPsych open · 2023Article
- The experiences of female bisexual student-athletes in China: An interpretative phenomenological analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Status quo and predictors of Weibo users' attitudes toward lesbians and gay men in 31 provinces in the Chinese mainland: Analysis based on supervised machine learning and provincial panel data.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Sources of Social Support, Self-Esteem and Psychological Distress among Chinese Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual People.International journal of sexual health : official journal of the World Association for Sexual Health · 2023Article
- Internalized Homonegativity and Mental Health Among Chinese Gay and Bisexual Cisgender Men: Exploring the Moderating Influences of Psychosocial and Sexual Identity Factors.Archives of sexual behavior · 2022Article
- Proportion of ALGBT adult Brazilians, sociodemographic characteristics, and self-reported violence.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChina has the world's largest lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) population. This study assessed the discrimination experienced by LGBT individuals in China in a comprehensive way, covering discrimination perpetrated by family, media, medical services, religious communities, schools, social services, and in the workplace.
methodsThe current study involved a national survey of 31 provinces and autonomous regions. Discrimination was measured both in terms of heterosexual participants' attitudes towards LGBT individuals, and LGBT participants' self-perceived discrimination. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to examine the difference between heterosexual participants' attitudes towards LGBT individuals and LGBT participants' self-perceived discrimination. Linear regression was used to investigate the association between gross domestic product per capita and discrimination.
resultsAmong 29,125 participants, 2066 (7.1%) identified as lesbian, 9491 (32.6%) as gay, 3441 (11.8%) as bisexual, 3195 (11.0%) as transgender, and 10,932 (37.5%) as heterosexual. Heterosexual people were generally friendly towards the LGBT community with a mean score of 21.9 (SD = 2.7, total scale score = 100) and the grand averaged score of self-perceived discrimination by LGBT participants was 49.9 (SD = 2.5). Self-perceived discrimination from family and social services is particularly severe. We created a series of provincial level choropleth maps showing heterosexual participants' acceptance towards the LGBT community, and self-perceived discrimination reported by members of the LGBT community. We found that a higher level of economic development in provinces was associated with a decrease in discrimination, and we identified that every 100 thousand RMB increase in per capita GDP lead to a 6.4% decrease in discriminatory events perpetrated by heterosexuals.
conclusionsChinese LGBT groups consistently experience discrimination in various aspects of their daily lives. The prevalence of this discrimination is associated with the economic development of the province in which it occurs. In order to reduce discrimination, it is important for future studies to discover the underlying reasons for discrimination against LGBT individuals in China.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.