ArticleBMC public health2020
The development of a questionnaire to assess leisure time screen-based media use and its proximal correlates in children (SCREENS-Q).
Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07168057 (Young Children and Screens), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Young Children and Screens: A Study Protocol of Parents' Perspectives and Child Health Nurses' Approaches in a Digital Age
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Measurement of screen time among young children aged 0-6 years: A systematic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Screen Media Use and Mental Health of Children and Adolescents: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Stop and Play Digital Health Education Intervention for Reducing Excessive Screen Time Among Preschoolers From Low Socioeconomic Families: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Trial
- Effectiveness of the digital parental-family-centered program for problematic gaming and screen use in a clinical child and adolescent population.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Screen-Free Time With Friends to Promote Face-to-Face Peer Interaction and Reduce Recreational Screen Use Among Children Aged 9-11 Years: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Parenting in the Digital Era: Quantitative and Qualitative Insights from Families of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Screen exposure in relation to cool and hot executive functions in preschoolers: parenting processes as mediators and parental growth mindset as moderator.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Validity and reliability of Indonesian version of the digital screen exposure questionnaire (DSEQ) for young children.PloS one · 2026Article
- Study protocol for the Danish High Risk and Resilience Study VIA 19 - from age 15 to age 19: transition from adolescence to early adulthood.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
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- Dysregulated Screen Exposure Is Associated With Severity of Language and Communication Impairments in Children With Developmental Disorders.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2025Article
- Lifestyle patterns and their associations with overweight and obesity among children aged 4-9 years in the United Arab Emirates.The British journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Association between screen exposure and language development delay during the COVID-19 pandemic for 18-72 months children in China: evidence from a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
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- Article
- Associations Between Screen Time and Mindfulness and Eating Behaviors Among Turkish School-Aged Children: A Cross-Sectional Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pre-sleep screen time and screen time addiction as shared determinants of poor sleep and obesity in adolescents aged 11-14 years in Scotland.BMC global and public health · 2025Article
- Association of digital media use with sleep habits in school children: A cross-sectional study.Sleep medicine: X · 2024Article
- Family-Centered Treatment Program for Problematic Gaming and Excessive Screen Use in a Clinical Child and Youth Population (FAME): Protocol for a Feasibility Pilot Mixed Method Study.JMIR research protocols · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe screen-media landscape has changed drastically during the last decade with wide-scale ownership and use of new portable touchscreen-based devices plausibly causing changes in the volume of screen media use and the way children and young people entertain themselves and communicate with friends and family members. This rapid development is not sufficiently mirrored in available tools for measuring children's screen media use. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a parent-reported standardized questionnaire to assess 6-10-year old children's multiple screen media use and habits, their screen media environment, and its plausible proximal correlates based on a suggested socio-ecological model.
methodsAn iterative process was conducted developing the SCREENS questionnaire. Informed by the literature, media experts and end-users, a conceptual framework was made to guide the development of the questionnaire. Parents and media experts evaluated face and content validity. Pilot and field testing in the target group was conducted to assess test-retest reliability using Kappa statistics and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Construct validity of relevant items was assessed using pairwise non-parametric correlations (Spearman's). The SCREENS questionnaire is based on a multidimensional and formative model.
resultsThe SCREENS questionnaire covers six domains validated to be important factors of screen media use in children and comprises 19 questions and 92 items. Test-retest reliability (n = 37 parents) for continuous variables was moderate to substantial with ICC's ranging from 0.67 to 0.90. For relevant nominal and ordinal data, kappa values were all above 0.50 with more than 80% of the values above 0.61 indicating good test-retest reliability. Internal consistency between two different time use variables (from n = 243) showed good correlations with rho ranging from 0.59 to 0.66. Response-time was within 15 min for all participants.
conclusionsSCREENS-Q is a comprehensive tool to assess children's screen media habits, the screen media environment and possible related correlates. It is a feasible questionnaire with multiple validated constructs and moderate to substantial test-retest reliability of all evaluated items. The SCREENS-Q is a promising tool to investigate children screen media use.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.