Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32396131›Full record

ArticleJMIR mHealth and uHealth2020

A Sexual Health Promotion App for Transgender Women (Trans Women Connected): Development and Usability Study.

Christina J Sun, Kirsten M Anderson, Tamara Kuhn, Liat Mayer, Charles H Klein

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. International journal of transgender health · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. User Input in the Development of Digital Sexual Health Tools: A Scoping Review and Guidance for Tool Developers.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. A Smartphone-Based Pilot HIV Prevention Intervention (Venereology (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Transgender Individuals and Digital Health.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Christina J SunSchool of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-5656-7055
Kirsten M AndersonSchool of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2569-7169
Tamara Kuhndfusion, Scotts Valley, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-1075-2209
Liat MayerDepartment of Anthropology, Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-0913-8490
Charles H KleinDepartment of Anthropology, Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-9621-7172
Portland State University · USBethany University · US

Funding

Oregon Patient Centered Outcomes Research K12 ProgramK12HS022981 · AHRQ · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI GUISE, JEANNE-MARIE · 2014 to 2018
$4.1M
Trans Women Connected: a mobile app delivered sexual health promotion programR44MD012279 · NIMHD · DFUSION, INC. · PI KLEIN, CHARLES HOWARD, KUHN, TAMARA J. · 2019 to 2021
$1.7M
Transwomen Connected, a mobile app delivered HIV prevention programR43MD012279 · NIMHD · DFUSION, INC. · PI KLEIN, CHARLES HOWARD, KUHN, TAMARA J. · 2017 to 2017
$225k
AHRQ HHS K12 HS022981NIMHD NIH HHS R43 MD012279NIMHD NIH HHS R44 MD012279
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHIV severely impacts the transgender communities in the United States, and transgender women have the highest HIV incidence rates among any identified risk group. Guided by formative research with transgender women and by an expert advisory panel of transgender women, we designed a prototype mobile app to promote HIV prevention among transgender women.

objectiveThis study aimed to develop and test the usability and acceptability of the prototype Trans Women Connected mobile app.

methodsWe engaged in a 3-phase prototype development process. After conducting formative research about the health needs of this population, we outlined a theory-based app framework and developed three prototype activities (ie, a vision board, a pre-exposure prophylaxis [PrEP] education activity, and an interactive map). We then tested the usability and acceptability of the mobile app and activities with 16 transgender women using pre- and posttests, think-aloud protocols, and open-ended questions.

resultsParticipants reported high acceptability for the mobile app; the mean rating across all usability and likability questions was 5.9 out of 7. Service utilization intention, goal setting, and social support increased at posttest compared with pretest. Increases in self-efficacy in finding lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer-friendly services; intention to seek online social support; and PrEP knowledge were statistically significant. Participants described the app as attractive and useful and perceived all three activities positively.

conclusionsThis study describes the development and usability and acceptability evaluation of a prototype mobile app designed for and with transgender women for HIV prevention. The usability testing findings provided important insights toward refining and the further development of the Trans Women Connected mobile app. The results suggest that a mobile health intervention can support positive changes. The remaining development and efficacy randomized trial of the Trans Women Connected mobile app is currently underway.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsMobile ApplicationsTransgender PersonsFemaleGender IdentityHealth PromotionHumansMaleUnited Stateshealth care disparitieshealth status disparitiesHIVminority healthsexual healthtransgender persons

Identifiers

PMID32396131
PMCPMC7251477
OpenAlexW2995665288

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.