ReviewNutrients2020
Trimethylamine N-Oxide in Relation to Cardiometabolic Health-Cause or Effect?
Review in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 133 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes in Choline Metabolites and Ceramides in Response to a DASH-Style Diet in Older Adults.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Impact of Caloric Restriction and Exercise on Trimethylamine N-Oxide Metabolism in Women with Obesity.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Effects of a diet based on the Dietary Guidelines on vascular health and TMAO in women with cardiometabolic risk factors.Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2022Trial
- Citicoline and Memory Function in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.The Journal of nutrition · 2021Trial
- [Correlation between trimethylamine-N-oxide and cardiovascular metabolic markers].Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2026Article
- The Gut Microbiota-Metabolite-Host Axis in Cardiometabolic Diseases: Bridging Bench to Bedside.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Review
- Trimethylamine N-oxide activates cardiac fibroblasts transformation through NLRP3 inflammasome activation with changes in mitochondrial dynamics and ER-mitochondrial contact under ER stress.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Article
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- Gut microbiota-derived trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and its association with neuroinflammation in migraine.The Indian journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Trimethylamine N-oxide is elevated in postmenopausal women relative to age-matched men and premenopausal women among individuals with obesity.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Establishment of a mouse model of TMAO-induced cardiac injury and application of MICT intervention.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Functional genetic signatures of the gut microbiome in cardiometabolic diseases: mechanisms and translational opportunities.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2026Review
- Association of apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms with risk of coronary artery disease in a Han Chinese population at middle and high altitude in China.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The Dual Role of Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolites in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Context-Dependent Framework.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Trimethylamine-Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- The effect of TMAO on aging-associated cardiovascular and metabolic pathways and emerging therapies.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Maresin-1 and S-Equol as Emerging Metabolic Biomarkers in Gestational Diabetes-Associated Inflammation.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Human Digestive Physiology and Evolutionary Diet: A Metabolomic Perspective on Carnivorous and Scavenger Adaptations.Metabolites · 2025Review
- Short-chain fatty acid butyrate against TMAO activating endoplasmic-reticulum stress and PERK/IRE1-axis with reducing atrial arrhythmia.Journal of advanced research · 2025Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is generated in a microbial-mammalian co-metabolic pathway mainly from the digestion of meat-containing food and dietary quaternary amines such as phosphatidylcholine, choline, betaine, or L-carnitine. Fish intake provides a direct significant source of TMAO. Human observational studies previously reported a positive relationship between plasma TMAO concentrations and cardiometabolic diseases. Discrepancies and inconsistencies of recent investigations and previous studies questioned the role of TMAO in these diseases. Several animal studies reported neutral or even beneficial effects of TMAO or its precursors in cardiovascular disease model systems, supporting the clinically proven beneficial effects of its precursor, L-carnitine, or a sea-food rich diet (naturally containing TMAO) on cardiometabolic health. In this review, we summarize recent preclinical and epidemiological evidence on the effects of TMAO, in order to shed some light on the role of TMAO in cardiometabolic diseases, particularly as related to the microbiome.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.