ReviewAnnual review of virology2020
Challenges of Making Effective Influenza Vaccines.
Review in Annual review of virology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Immunogenicity and Safety of the Influenza Vaccine in COPD Patients, and Its Relevance with Real-World Effectiveness.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Pooled it
- Nanoemulsion adjuvanted COBRA HA vaccine enhances protective antibody titers against H1N1 and H3N2 influenza viruses.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Enhanced immunogenicity and dose-sparing efficacy of self-amplifying RNA vaccines against seasonal influenza across subtypes.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Immunogenicity and Cross-Protective Efficacy of a CpG-Adjuvanted Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Ferrets.Vaccines · 2026Article
- mRNA Vaccines for Influenza: Hope for a Universal Vaccine?BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- From legacy to innovation: A comprehensive review of vaccine platforms against viral infections.Virus research · 2026Review
- Seasonal influenza mRNA vaccine induces stronger innate and comparable or better adaptive responses than licensed inactivated vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- T-cell-mediated immunity to influenza A (H2N3): implications for caccine efficacy and cross-subtype protection.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- An mRNA Vaccine with Tandem Mutated HA-NA Confers Protection Against Multiple Strains of H1N1 Influenza.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Cross-reactive human antibody responses to H5N1 influenza virus neuraminidase are shaped by immune history.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Generation of an autophagy-targeting influenza A virus as live attenuated vaccine.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Adjuvants enhance protective antibodies against seasonal influenza viruses following a single vaccination of Fluzone.Virology · 2026Article
- Disease modulation by TIV vaccination during secondary pneumococcal infections in influenza-infected mice.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Intranasal replicon vaccine establishes mucosal immunity and protects against H5N1 and H7N9 influenza.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Delineation of the antibody light chain biases and kinetics following primary and secondary influenza virus infections of ferrets.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Article
- Influenza vaccination post-COVID-19 expands vaccine-specific effector CD4 T-cells and Tregs under positive influence of host trained innate immunity.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Structural immunotherapy: Harnessing chemical design to build powerful next-generation therapeutics.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- No innocent bystanders: pertussis vaccination and evolutionary parallelisms betweenMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- Disease modulation by TIV vaccination during secondary pneumococcal infections in influenza-infected mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Mucosal delivery of influenza antigens using a replication deficient adenovirus supports broadly reactive antibody responses and heterologous viral immunity in the respiratory tract of animals.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Seasonal influenza vaccines prevent influenza-related illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths. However, these vaccines are not as effective as other viral vaccines, and there is clearly room for improvement. Here, we review the history of seasonal influenza vaccines, describe challenges associated with producing influenza vaccine antigens, and discuss the inherent difficulties of updating influenza vaccine strains each influenza season. We argue that seasonal influenza vaccines can be dramatically improved by modernizing antigen production processes and developing models that are better at predicting viral evolution. Resources should be specifically dedicated to improving seasonal influenza vaccines while developing entirely new vaccine platforms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.