SynthesisPloS one2020
Prevalence, Severity and Mortality associated with COPD and Smoking in patients with COVID-19: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05054127 (Clinical Characteristics And Outcome Of COVID-19 Infection In Patients With Chronic Respiratory Diseases.), which is not on this map. Cited by 462 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Characteristics And Outcome Of COVID-19 Infection In Patients With Chronic Respiratory Diseases.
Who cites it
462 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 814 citations in OpenAlex.
- Burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among Indian adults: systematic review and meta‑analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Pooled it
- CT scan-derived pectoralis muscle parameters are closely associated with COVID-19 outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Smoking and vaping alter genes related to mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The European respiratory journal · 2024Pooled it
- Long-Term Consequences of COVID-19 at 6 Months and Above: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- The impact of facemask on patients with COPD: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Comorbidities, Associated Diseases, and Risk Assessment in COVID-19-A Systematic Review.International journal of clinical practice · 2022Pooled it
- Sex and age differences in alcohol-attributable mortality in Chile between 2008 and 2022.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Mapping the Comorbidome in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Prevalence and Mortality Risk in a Colombian Cohort.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 on recurrent COPD exacerbations.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Human iPSC-derived airway models enable comparative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthy and COPD bronchial epithelium.iScience · 2026Article
- Beyond healthcare access: social deprivation and COVID-19 outcomes in dialysis patients in the provence-alpes-côte d'Azur region, France.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- A Quarter-Century of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Intensive Care Unit (2000-2025): A Bibliometric Roadmap of Thematic Evolution and Future Frontiers.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Review
- Respiratory symptoms, vaccination coverage, and antibiotic use among Hajj pilgrims: a multi-season cross sectional study (2023-2025).Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- COVID-19 and its impact on healthcare services provided to patients with COPD: a qualitative study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Article
- Characteristics of covid-19 in miners and former miners with a history of silicosis.Revista peruana de medicina experimental y salud publica · 2025Article
- Expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry-associated proteins in COPD airways: an immunohistochemical study.The Journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Oral health, smoking status, and oral manifestations of adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 during the Omicron outbreak in China: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- ACE-2 blockade and TMPRSS2 inhibition mitigate SARS-CoV-2 severity following cigarette smoke exposure in airway epithelial cellsMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
402 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an evolving infectious disease that dramatically spread all over the world in the early part of 2020. No studies have yet summarized the potential severity and mortality risks caused by COVID-19 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and we update information in smokers.
methodsWe systematically searched electronic databases from inception to March 24, 2020. Data were extracted by two independent authors in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Study quality was assessed using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We synthesized a narrative from eligible studies and conducted a meta-analysis using a random-effects model to calculate pooled prevalence rates and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).
resultsIn total, 123 abstracts were screened and 61 full-text manuscripts were reviewed. A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria, which included a total of 2473 confirmed COVID-19 patients. All studies were included in the meta-analysis. The crude case fatality rate of COVID-19 was 7.4%. The pooled prevalence rates of COPD patients and smokers in COVID-19 cases were 2% (95% CI, 1%-3%) and 9% (95% CI, 4%-14%) respectively. COPD patients were at a higher risk of more severe disease (risk of severity = 63%, (22/35) compared to patients without COPD 33.4% (409/1224) [calculated RR, 1.88 (95% CI, 1.4-2.4)]. This was associated with higher mortality (60%). Our results showed that 22% (31/139) of current smokers and 46% (13/28) of ex-smokers had severe complications. The calculated RR showed that current smokers were 1.45 times more likely [95% CI: 1.03-2.04] to have severe complications compared to former and never smokers. Current smokers also had a higher mortality rate of 38.5%.
conclusionAlthough COPD prevalence in COVID-19 cases was low in current reports, COVID-19 infection was associated with substantial severity and mortality rates in COPD. Compared to former and never smokers, current smokers were at greater risk of severe complications and higher mortality rate. Effective preventive measures are required to reduce COVID-19 risk in COPD patients and current smokers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.