ArticleBritish journal of cancer2020
Tumour-derived CSF2/granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor controls myeloid cell accumulation and progression of gliomas.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Inflammatory Biomarkers And Carotid Ultrasound Parameters In The Northern Manhattan Stroke Study.Translational stroke research · 2026Article
- Harnessing myeloid cell plasticity for cancer therapy.Nature cancer · 2026Review
- Engineering multifunctional microspheres for sequential regulation of osteoimmune microenvironment and bone remodeling balance to promote regeneration of osteoporotic bone defects.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Article
- C/EBPβ-induced alternative splicing of RCAN1 generates a potent TCR-T target in mesenchymal glioblastoma.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Article
- Evidence for a JAK2/STAT3 proinflammatory and vasculogenic mimicry interrelated molecular signature in adipocyte-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Insights of immune cell heterogeneity, tumor-initiated subtype transformation, drug resistance, treatment and detecting technologies in glioma microenvironment.Journal of advanced research · 2025Review
- Exploring Therapeutic Targets for Age-Related Macular Degeneration From Circulating Proteins to Plasma Metabolites in the European Population.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- CSF2 promotes chemoresistance in colorectal cancer by regulating Notch pathway.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Epigenetic regulation of RNA methylations in gastric cancer.Oncology reviews · 2025Review
- Molecular biology of the deadliest cancer - glioblastoma: what do we know?Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Phagocytosis Checkpoints in Glioblastoma: CD47 and Beyond.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Understanding the immunosuppressive microenvironment of glioma: mechanistic insights and clinical perspectives.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- Potential diagnostic and drug target markers in glioblastoma.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Microglia in Glioma.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Review
- Proteomic and transcriptomic characterisation of FIA10, a novel murine leukemic cell line that metastasizes into the brain.PloS one · 2024Article
- IGF2BP2-meidated mCell death & disease · 2023Article
- Manganese-Implanted Titanium Modulates the Crosstalk between Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Macrophages to Improve Osteogenesis.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Article
- Three-dimensional human neural culture on a chip recapitulating neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.Nature protocols · 2023Review
- Evaluation of Radiosensitization and Cytokine Modulation by Differentially PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles in Glioblastoma Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Exosome-based nanoimmunotherapy targeting TAMs, a promising strategy for glioma.Cell death & disease · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMalignant tumours release factors, which attract myeloid cells and induce their polarisation to pro-invasive, immunosuppressive phenotypes. Brain-resident microglia and peripheral macrophages accumulate in the tumour microenvironment of glioblastoma (GBM) and induce immunosuppression fostering tumour progression. Macrophage colony stimulating factors (CSFs) control the recruitment of myeloid cells during peripheral cancer progression, but it is disputable, which CSFs drive their accumulation in gliomas.
methodsThe expression of CSF2 (encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor) was determined in TCGA datasets and five human glioma cell lines. Effects of stable CSF2 knockdown in glioma cells or neutralising CSF2 or receptor CSF2Rα antibodies on glioma invasion were tested in vitro and in vivo.
resultsCSF2 knockdown or blockade of its signalling reduced microglia-dependent glioma invasion in microglia-glioma co-cultures. CSF2-deficient human glioma cells encapsulated in cell-impermeable hollow fibres and transplanted to mouse brains, failed to attract microglia, but stimulated astrocyte recruitment. CSF2-depleted gliomas were smaller, attracted less microglia and macrophages, and provided survival benefit in tumour-bearing mice. Apoptotic microglia/macrophages were detected in CSF2-depleted tumours.
conclusionsCSF2 is overexpressed in a subset of mesenchymal GBMs in association with high immune gene expression. Tumour-derived CSF2 attracts, supports survival and induces pro-tumorigenic polarisation of microglia and macrophages.
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