ArticleAmerican journal of ophthalmology2020
Retinal Biomarkers of Alzheimer Disease.
Article in American journal of ophthalmology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- An explainable transformer model for Alzheimer's disease detection using retinal imaging.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effects of canine-assisted intervention on stress and depression in humans.Journal of animal science and technology · 2025Review
- Fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy adds the retina to cortical pathology for visual dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Retinal Microstructural and Microvascular Changes in Alzheimer Disease: A Review.International ophthalmology clinics · 2025Review
- Neurodegenerative biomarkers in different chambers of the eye relative to plasma: an agreement validation study.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Outer Retinal Thickness Is Associated With Cognitive Function in Normal Aging to Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Salivary Exosomes in Health and Disease: Future Prospects in the Eye.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Vitreous Humor Biomarkers Reflect Pathological Changes in the Brain for Alzheimer's Disease and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Article
- Pathological changes within the cerebral vasculature in Alzheimer's disease: New perspectives.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Understanding the Brain through Aging Eyes.Advances in geriatric medicine and research · 2021Article
- Neurofilament light chain in the vitreous humor of the eye.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo address challenges associated with identifying retinal biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and strategies for future investigation of novel ophthalmologic biomarkers.
designPerspective.
methodsSummarization of the current understanding of retinal changes that have been identified using advances in imaging technology, analysis of current research into how these changes reflect neurodegenerative pathology, and recommendations for further research in this area that will allow for the identification of unique biomarkers for early AD.
resultsSome retinal changes detectable using various imaging modalities may reflect neurodegeneration or other AD-related pathology on a cellular level. Structural changes in both the peripapillary and macular retina and changes in vascular parameters have been identified. Some imaging findings correlate with known histopathologic findings, and some are associated with cognitive decline. However, multiple challenges exist, such as identifying retinal biomarkers that are specific to biomarker-positive AD, clinical syndrome of AD, and/or pathologic AD brain, finding features that are highly sensitive and specific to AD in patients with other eye diseases, and validating potential biomarkers in population-based longitudinal cohorts.
conclusionsFurther research is needed to validate retinal biomarkers for AD, with accurate classification of patients according to diagnosis and cognitive symptoms. Advances in imaging technology, big data, and machine learning, as well as carefully designed studies, will help to identify and confirm potential biomarkers and may lead to novel treatment approaches.
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Registered trials
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