Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32384652›Full record

SynthesisNutrients2020

The Impact of Human Milk on Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Emma Altobelli, Paolo Matteo Angeletti, Alberto Verrotti, Reimondo Petrocelli

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06035835 (Probiotics and Breastmilk Are Associated With a Decreased Risk of Atopic Dermatitis in Very Low Birth Weight Premature Infants), which is not on this map. Cited by 131 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
131citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
13.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06035835 completednot on this map

Probiotics and Breastmilk Are Associated With a Decreased Risk of Atopic Dermatitis in Very Low Birth Weight Premature Infants

TypeobservationalSponsorJosé Uberos FernándezRan2009 to 2022Enrolled437ConditionsAtopic DermatitisArmsLacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus + Bifidobacterium bifidum
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

131 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 221 citations in OpenAlex.

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  20. Late-Onset Sepsis in Preterm Infants Caused byInfection & chemotherapy · 2026
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71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Emma AltobelliDepartment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
Paolo Matteo AngelettiDepartment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
Alberto VerrottiDepartment of Pediatrics, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
Reimondo PetrocelliPublic Health Unit, ASREM, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
University of L'Aquila · ITConsorzio Milano Ricerche · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPremature infants receiving breastfeed have a lower incidence of NEC than those fed preterm formula. This study aimed: (1) to update a systematic review and meta-analyses to evaluate the relationship between feeding and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in low weight premature infants; (2) to conduct meta-regression analyses by subgroups; (3) to describe geographical distribution of milk banks in the world.

methodsPapers included in the meta-analysis were updated as of June 2019. Relative risks were used as a measure of effect size. Random effect models were used to account for different sources of variation among studies. For milk banks, the data reviewed by the literature were integrated with the information collected from countries' institutional sites and milk bank networks.

resultsThirty-two papers were included in meta-analysis: six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 26 observational studies (OS). The census has found 572 milk banks around in the world. Brazil has the most active milk banks. RCTs meta-analysis indicates a risk reduction of NEC using human milk respect to formula: Relative risk (RR) = 0.62 (0.42-0.93). Seven OS compared quantities lower than human milk or higher than the 50th quantile showing a risk reduction of NEC:RR = 0.51 (0.31-0.85); 3 OS that evaluated human milk versus mixed feeding showing that human milk has a protective role on the development of NEC:RR = 0.74 (0.63-0.91). Results of subgroups analysis show that the risk reduction is statistically significant only for studies in which premature infants are given both their own and donated breastmilk.

conclusionsThe possibility of preserving human milk and promoting donations guarantees an improvement in the health of newborns.

Indexed as

Breast FeedingInfant HealthInfant, Low Birth WeightInfant, PrematureInsurance BenefitsMilk BanksMilk, HumanEnterocolitis, NecrotizingHumansIncidenceInfant FormulaInfant, NewbornInfant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaObservational Studies as TopicRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRiskbreast-feedinghuman milk banksmeta-analysisNEC

Identifiers

PMID32384652
PMCPMC7284425
OpenAlexW3023490084

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.