ArticleEClinicalMedicine2020
Predictors of remission after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of major depressive disorder: An analysis from the randomised non-inferiority THREE-D trial.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01887782 (A Randomized Controlled Study of Conventional Versus Theta Burst Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Controlled Study of Conventional Versus Theta Burst Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for comorbid major depressive disorder and hoarding disorder: An open label pilot study.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Trial
- Circuit-targeted modulation of anxiety symptoms in individuals with major depression: A randomized head-to-head TMS trial.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Extended course accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation as a substitute for depressed patients needing electroconvulsive therapy.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Connectivity-guided intermittent theta burst versus repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: a randomized controlled trial.Nature medicine · 2024Trial
- Neural effects of TMS trains on the human prefrontal cortex.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Antidepressant effects of prolonged intermittent theta-burst stimulation monotherapy at the bilateral dorsomedial prefrontal cortex for medication and standard transcranial magnetic stimulation-resistant major depression: a three arm, randomized, double blind, sham-controlled pilot study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Trial
- Pursuing personalized medicine for depression by targeting the lateral or medial prefrontal cortex with Deep TMS.JCI insight · 2023Trial
- Wearable-Based Assessment for Relapse Prediction Following Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Depression: Protocol for a Feasibility Study (WARN-D Study).JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Review
- Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation for Major Depressive Disorder with Comorbid Anxiety: A Systematic Review of Clinical Efficacy and Predictors of Response.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Enhanced Bilateral Accelerated Theta Burst Stimulation for Comorbid Anxiety and Depressive Disorders: The Seville Protocol.Alpha psychiatry · 2025Article
- Case Report: Personalizing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression for a Patient with Complex Medical History.Harvard review of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Outcomes of patients receiving interventional psychiatric procedures in a large integrated healthcare system.Psychiatry research · 2025Article
- Consensus review and considerations on TMS to treat depression: A comprehensive update endorsed by the National Network of Depression Centers, the Clinical TMS Society, and the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Review
- Accelerated Theta Burst Stimulation: Safety, Efficacy, and Future Advancements.Biological psychiatry · 2024Review
- Neural effects of TMS trains on the human prefrontal cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Baseline markers of cortical excitation and inhibition predict response to theta burst stimulation treatment for youth depression.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- A naturalistic study comparing the efficacy of unilateral and bilateral sequential theta burst stimulation in treating major depression - the U-B-D study protocol.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Temporal multi-step predictive modeling of remission in major depressive disorder using early stage treatment data; STAR*D based machine learning approach.Journal of affective disorders · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD), treatment selection is still mainly a process of trial-and-error. The present study aimed to identify clinical predictors of remission after a course of rTMS delivered to the left DLPFC to improve patient selection.
methodsData from a large randomised non-inferiority trial comparing standard 10 Hz and intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) for the treatment of MDD were used for the exploratory analyses. Individual variables were assessed for their association with remission and then included in a logistic regression model to determine odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Model discrimination (internal validation) was carried out to assess model optimism using the c-index. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01887782.
findings388 subjects were included in the analysis (199-iTBS and 189-10 Hz, respectively). Higher baseline severity of both depressive and anxiety symptoms were associated with a lower chance of achieving remission (OR=0.64, 95% CI 0.46-0.88; and 0.78, 95% CI 0·60-0.98, respectively). Current employment was a positive predictor for remission (OR=1.69, 95% CI 1.06-2.7), while greater number of treatment failures was associated with lower odds of achieving remission (OR=0.51, 95% CI 0.27-0.98). A non-linear effect of age and remission was observed. An analysis to allow an estimate of the probability of remission using all variables was assessed. The c-index for the fitted model was 0.687.
interpretationOur results suggest that measuring depression symptom severity, employment status, and refractoriness are important in prognosticating outcome to a course of rTMS in MDD.
fundingCanadian Institutes of Health Research MOP-136801.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.