ArticleEye (London, England)2020
Expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in human primary conjunctival and pterygium cell lines and in mouse cornea.
Article in Eye (London, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 142 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
142 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 226 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled Prevalence Estimate of Ocular Manifestations in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Ophthalmology-focused publications and findings on COVID-19: A systematic review.European journal of ophthalmology · 2021Pooled it
- An Eye on COVID-19: A Meta-analysis of Positive Conjunctival Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction and SARS-CoV-2 Conjunctivitis Prevalence.Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry · 2021Pooled it
- Current Evidence of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Ocular Transmission: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.BioMed research international · 2020Pooled it
- Skin as a Potential Entry Point for SARS-CoV-2 Virus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Tiliroside From Pavonia malacophylla (Link & Otto) Garcke as an Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Agent.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- SKIN AS A POTENTIAL ENTRY POINT FOR SARS-COV-2.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Human keratinocytes exhibit limited potential for SARS-CoV-2 infection despite ACE2 and mature cathepsin L expression.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2026Article
- From past to future: a comprehensive scientometric perspective of influential studies on pterygium.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- SerpinB3/Protease Activated Receptor-2 Axis Is Essential for SARS CoV-2 Infection.ACS infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Profiling of proteases involved in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in human saliva: Influence of age and gender.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2025Article
- Identification of diagnostic biomarkers and dissecting immune microenvironment with crosstalk genes in the POAG and COVID-19 nexus.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Clinical use of Ahmed glaucoma valve at a tertiary hospital in Spain (2010-2022) with emphasis on the last 5 years.International ophthalmology · 2025Observational
- Article
- Inhibitor of DNA-Binding 3 Is a Novel Regulator of Limbal Epithelial Cell Migration Via the EphA2/Akt Signaling Pathway.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on Ocular Surface Health: Infection Mechanisms, Immune Modulation, and Inflammatory Responses.Viruses · 2025Review
- Age-dependent ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression and SARS-CoV-2 household transmission in Gran Canaria.PloS one · 2025Observational
- Geraniin Alleviates Mouse Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularisation by Inhibiting Choroidal Endothelial Cell ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR/IL-10 Pathway.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Productive infection of the retinal pigment epithelium by SARS-CoV-2: Initial effects and consideration of long-term consequences.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- Breast milk induces the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages, promoting human cytomegalovirus infection.Journal of virology · 2024Article
82 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo determine the expressions of SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and type II transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2) genes in human and mouse ocular cells and comparison to other tissue cells.
methodsHuman conjunctiva and primary pterygium tissues were collected from pterygium patients who underwent surgery. The expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes was determined in human primary conjunctival and pterygium cells, human ocular and other tissue cell lines, mesenchymal stem cells as well as mouse ocular and other tissues by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and SYBR green PCR.
resultsRT-PCR analysis showed consistent expression by 2 ACE2 gene primers in 2 out of 3 human conjunctival cells and pterygium cell lines. Expression by 2 TMPRSS2 gene primers could only be found in 1 out of 3 pterygium cell lines, but not in any conjunctival cells. Compared with the lung A549 cells, similar expression was noted in conjunctival and pterygium cells. In addition, mouse cornea had comparable expression of Tmprss2 gene and lower but prominent Ace2 gene expression compared with the lung tissue.
conclusionConsidering the necessity of both ACE2 and TMPRSS2 for SARS-CoV-2 infection, our results suggest that conjunctiva would be less likely to be infected by SARS-CoV-2, whereas pterygium possesses some possibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection. With high and consistent expression of Ace2 and Tmprss2 in cornea, cornea rather than conjunctiva has higher potential to be infected by SARS-CoV-2. Precaution is necessary to prevent possible SARS-CoV-2 infection through ocular surface in clinical practice.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.