ArticleCancer medicine2020
Second-line treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma after sorafenib: Characterizing treatments used over the past 10 years and real-world eligibility for cabozantinib, regorafenib, and ramucirumab.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Second-Line and Subsequent Therapies after Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab Treatment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.Gut and liver · 2026Article
- Advancing Systemic Treatment beyond First Line for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- The advantages and challenges of sorafenib combination therapy: Drug resistance, toxicity and future directions (Review).Oncology letters · 2025Review
- The effect of transition timing of regorafenib on treatment outcomes in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a real-world study.Hepatology international · 2025Article
- Article
- Treatment options for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatitis virus infection following sorafenib failure.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Article
- Progression patterns and therapeutic sequencing following immune checkpoint inhibition for hepatocellular carcinoma: An international observational study.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2023Observational
- Real-world systemic sequential therapy with regorafenib for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: analysis of 93 cases from a single center.BMC gastroenterology · 2023Article
- Efficacy and Safety of TACE Combined with Regorafenib Plus PD-1 Inhibitor in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Sorafenib Resistance.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2023Article
- Second-line therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with regorafenib or cabozantinib: Multicenter French clinical experience in real-life after matching.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2022Article
- A prospective observational cohort study of lenvatinib as initial treatment in patients with BCLC-defined stage B hepatocellular carcinoma.BMC cancer · 2022Observational
- Second-line treatment with nivolumab, cabozantinib, regorafenib, or best supportive care in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: analysis at a Hispanic-majority NCI-designated cancer center.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2021Article
- Real-Life Clinical Data of Cabozantinib for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Liver cancer · 2021Article
- Role of modern radiotherapy in managing patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.World journal of gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Experience with regorafenib in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Regorafenib Combined with Other Systemic Therapies: Exploring Promising Therapeutic Combinations in HCC.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2021Review
- Second-line treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma after sorafenib: Characterizing treatments used over the past 10 years and real-world eligibility for cabozantinib, regorafenib, and ramucirumab.Cancer medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe CELESTIAL, RESORCE, and REACH-2 trials showed survival benefit of cabozantinib, regorafenib, and ramucirumab, respectively, in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with sorafenib who had good performance status (ECOG 0-1) and liver function (Child-Pugh-A). This study characterizes subsequent treatments received by HCC patients after sorafenib, and determines the proportion of patients eligible for novel therapies if strict eligibility criteria (SEC) were utilized compared to more liberal modified eligibility criteria (MEC, including ECOG 2, Child-Pugh-B7).
methodsHCC patients who received sorafenib between 2008 and 2017 were included from the Canadian HCC CHORD Database. Patients were classified as eligible or ineligible based on available CELESTIAL, RESORCE, and REACH-2 trial SEC or MEC. Median overall survival (mOS) was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method.
resultsA total of 730 patients were identified; and 172 (23.6%) received subsequent treatment. Patients who received subsequent treatment had longer mOS than those who did not (12.1 vs 3.3 months; P < .001). Using SEC, only 13.1% of patients would be eligible for cabozantinib, regorafenib, or ramucirumab. Expanding eligibility to include patients who meet MEC increased the proportion of eligible patients to 31.7%. Higher ineligibility for regorafenib and ramucirumab was driven by trial-specific criteria, including sorafenib intolerance (28%) for RESORCE and AFP <400 (58.9%) for REACH-2.
conclusionsA small proportion of real-world HCC patients would be eligible for cabozantinib, regorafenib, or ramucirumab if SEC in clinical trials were followed, while more than double would be eligible if MEC were applied. Patients who received subsequent treatment had improved mOS, regardless of whether they met SEC or MEC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.