ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2020
Disparities in Opioid Pain Management for Long Bone Fractures.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- CDC Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Pain - United States, 2022.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2022Guideline
- Implicit Racial Bias in Evaluation of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Trial
- Unequal Relief: Sex Disparities in Opioid Use for Cardiac Chest Pain in the Emergency Department.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2026Observational
- Disparities associated with race and ethnicity in pain management: a scoping review.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2026Article
- Economic Costs of Chronic Pain-United States, 2021.Medical care · 2025Article
- Highlights From the 2023 Revision of Pediatric Tactical Emergency Casualty Care Guidelines.Pediatric emergency care · 2025Article
- Equity in the Early Pain Management of Long Bone Fractures in Black vs White Patients: We Have Closed the Gap.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Are There Racial Disparities in Perioperative Pain? A Retrospective Study of a Gynecological Surgery Cohort.Journal of perianesthesia nursing : official journal of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses · 2024Article
- Racial Disparities in Opioid Prescribing in the United States from 2011 to 2021: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of pain research · 2024Review
- Pain experiences of marginalized children in the emergency department: A scoping review protocol.PloS one · 2024Article
- Patient perceptions of microaggressions and discrimination toward patients during emergency department care.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2023Article
- Race, Healthcare, and Health Disparities: A Critical Review and Recommendations for Advancing Health Equity.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2023Review
- Chronic Noncancer Pain Management and Systemic Racism: Time to Move Toward Equal Care Standards.Journal of pain research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An expanding body of evidence has established that racial disparities exist in the US healthcare system, manifesting in poorer health outcomes for members of the non-white population. This study examines whether disparities exist in the type of analgesia ordered for long bone fractures and the time to medication administration in a community teaching hospital serving a large Hispanic population. We reviewed de-identified data of 115 patients from the emergency department of a community Level II Trauma Center in central Florida with diagnosed long bone fractures and examined the clinical and demographic variables associated with the type of analgesic administered and factors associated with delays in medication administration. We found that women reported higher pain scores than men, but there was no difference in the type of pain medication administered. There was no difference in pain scores between white and non-white patients; however, white patients were more likely to receive opiates for their long bone fractures compared with non-white patients (70 vs 50%, p < 0.0001). Opioid pain medications were prescribed significantly more often to adult and elderly patients compared with pediatric patients who were more likely to receive acetaminophen compared with both other patient groups (p < 0.001). In summary, we found that pain score was not associated with the class of pain medication administered, but that race and age were. This study questions the utility of the pain score for acute injuries and raises concerns about the role of physician bias in analgesia administration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.