ArticleJournal of community health2020
Material Hardship and Indoor Allergen Exposure among Low-Income, Urban, Minority Children with Persistent Asthma.
Article in Journal of community health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Cockroach Microbiome Disrupts Indoor Environmental Microbial Ecology with Potential Public Health Implications.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- The Impact of the Indoor Environment on Childhood Asthma.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2025Review
- Advancing equity in allergy and immunology: progress, pitfalls, and the path forward.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Review
- Lower socioeconomic status may help explain racial disparities in asthma and atopic dermatitis prevalence: A mediation analysis.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Disrupting links between poverty, chronic stress, and educational inequality.NPJ science of learning · 2023Review
- Association of Coffee and Tea Consumption with the Risk of Asthma: A Prospective Cohort Study from the UK Biobank.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Ambient ozone effects on respiratory outcomes among smokers modified by neighborhood poverty: An analysis of SPIROMICS AIR.The Science of the total environment · 2022Article
- Social Vulnerability Is Associated with Poorer Outcomes in Preschool Children With Recurrent Wheezing Despite Standardized and Supervised Medical Care.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Traditional measures of socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with asthma morbidity, but their specific contributions are unclear. Increased exposure to indoor allergens among low SES children is an important consideration. Material hardship, a concept describing poor access to basic goods and services, may explain the relationship between low SES and indoor allergen exposure, and thereby, the increased risk of asthma morbidity. We sought to (i) describe the specific hardships experienced by low-Income, urban, minority children with asthma and indoor allergen sensitization and (ii) determine if material hardship is associated with indoor allergen exposure in this population. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of children undergoing the baseline assessment for a clinical trial of home environmental modification. Participants were scored in five domains of material hardship. Domain scores were assigned based on caregiver responses to a questionnaire and were summed to generate a total material hardship score. Linear regression was used to examine the relationship between material hardship scores and bedroom floor concentrations of five common indoor allergens. Participants experienced high levels of material hardship in each of the five domains, with 33% not having access to a car, 35% not being able to pay utility bills, and 28% not being able to pay rent in the past year. Each one-point increase in material hardship was associated with an increase in cockroach allergen of 16.2% (95% CI 9.4%, 24.6%) and an increase in mouse allergen of 9.4% (95% CI 1.0%, 18.5%). After adjusting for traditional measures of SES, including household income, health insurance type, caregiver education, and caregiver employment status, the association between material hardship and cockroach allergen, but not mouse allergen, remained. These data suggest that a significant proportion of families of low-income, minority children with asthma may experience material hardship, and that they may be at greater risk of cockroach allergen exposure than their peers with similar income, but without material hardship.
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Registered trials
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