ArticleMolecular medicine reports2020
High glucose contributes to the polarization of peritoneal macrophages to the M2 phenotype in vivo and in vitro.
Article in Molecular medicine reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms of Peritoneal Fibrosis: Focus on Immune Cells-Peritoneal Stroma Interactions.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Neutrophil extracellular traps drive peritoneal inflammation and tissue remodeling in pediatric peritoneal dialysis.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Review
- Role of macrophages in peritoneal dialysis-associated peritoneal fibrosis.Renal failure · 2025Review
- Elevated Sirtuin 1 Levels in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease, Including on Peritoneal Dialysis: Associations with Cardiovascular Risk and Peritoneal Fibrosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- LCZ696, an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, ameliorates epithelial-mesenchymal transition of peritoneal mesothelial cells and M2 macrophage polarization.Renal failure · 2024Article
- EVs-miR-17-5p attenuates the osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells potentially via inhibition of TGF-β signaling under high glucose conditions.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Mechanisms underlying the involvement of peritoneal macrophages in the pathogenesis and novel therapeutic strategies for dialysis-induced peritoneal fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Histone deacetylase 8 inhibition prevents the progression of peritoneal fibrosis by counteracting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and blockade of M2 macrophage polarization.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Role of Inflammasomes in Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars-Lessons Learned from Chronic Diabetic Wounds and Skin Fibrosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Metabolic Alterations and WNT Signaling Impact Immune Response in HGSOC.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2022Article
- Pharmacologic Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase 6 Prevents the Progression of Chlorhexidine Gluconate-Induced Peritoneal Fibrosis by Blockade of M2 Macrophage Polarization.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glucose is the primary osmotic medium used in most peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions, and long‑term exposure to high glucose is a major contributor to peritoneal fibrosis. Our previous study revealed that M2 macrophages participate in the development of PD‑related fibrosis in a rat model. In the present study, the effects of high glucose on peritoneal macrophage polarization in vivo and in vitro were further evaluated. Continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD) patients with an overnight dwell of 1.5 or 2.5% glucose dialysate were recruited for this study. Overnight effluent samples from patients with CAPD (2,000 ml) were centrifuged to collect cells from the peritoneal cavity. J774A.1 cells (murine macrophages from ascites) were cultured in different concentrations of glucose. Macrophage phenotype markers were detected by flow cytometry. The levels of cytokines in PD effluent and the supernatant of murine macrophages were detected by enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assays. The activity of arginase was determined by quantitative colorimetric analysis. In total, 107 CAPD subjects (92 patients using 1.5% glucose dialysate and 15 patients using 2.5% glucose dialysate) were recruited. The percentage of M1 macrophages (CD14‑ and CCr7‑positive cells) in the 1.5 and 2.5% glucose dialysate groups was 23.0±13.3 and 24.9±12.0%, respectively. The difference was not significant (P>0.05). The percentage of M2 macrophages (CD14‑ and CD206‑positive cells) in the 1.5% glucose dialysate group (36.2±11.4%) was significantly decreased compared to the 2.5% glucose dialysate group (43.2±7.4%) (P<0.05). Murine macrophages were cultured in a high‑glucose in vitro environment, and the percentage of M1 macrophages in 138.8 mmol/l glucose medium significantly increased over time. The percentage of M2 macrophages increased in a glucose concentration‑dependent and time‑dependent manner. Arginase 1 in murine macrophages and the level of transforming growth factor β1 in the supernatant increased in a glucose concentration‑dependent manner. In conclusion, high glucose contributed to the polarization of peritoneal macrophages to the M2 phenotype, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD‑related fibrosis.
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