ArticleBMJ global health2020
The prevalence of noma in northwest Nigeria.
Article in BMJ global health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and associated risk factors for noma in Nigerian children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2024Pooled it
- Periodontitis and Periodontal Conditions in Systemically Healthy Children and Adolescents.Journal of clinical periodontology · 2026Review
- Shotgun metagenomic analysis of the oral microbiomes of children with noma.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Wherever there is poverty - active and passive case finding to address neglect of noma in Mozambique.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Estimated incidence and clinical presentation of Noma in Northern Nigeria (1999-2024).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Resurgence of Noma (Cancrum Oris) in Nigeria.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Rapid assessment of noma: Reporting on forgotten and neglected disease in Ethiopia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Noma in the WHO's list of neglected tropical diseases: A review of its impact on undeveloped and developing tropical regions.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Review
- Noma finally recognised as a neglected tropical disease.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Implementation and Evaluation of a Training Program for Traditional Healers to Improve Knowledge of Noma (Cancrum Oris) in Burkina Faso.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Estimation of the Prevalence of Noma in Ethiopia, 2007-2019: A Retrospective Study.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Proportion of paediatric admissions with any stage of noma at the Anka General Hospital, northwest Nigeria.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Observational
- Noma: a PubMed-based informetric analysis of a neglected tropical orofacial disease in Nigeria.Sudanese journal of paediatrics · 2023Article
- Retrospective Characterization of Noma Cases Found Incidentally across Nigeria during Outreach Programs for Cleft Lip from 2011-2020.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2022Article
- A Web of Science-Based Bibliometric Analysis of Global Noma Publications.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
- Economic and Social Costs of Noma: Design and Application of an Estimation Model to Niger and Burkina Faso.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
- Noma staging: a review.Tropical medicine and health · 2022Review
- Noma (cancrum oris): A scoping literature review of a neglected disease (1843 to 2021).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Model of care, Noma Children's Hospital, northwest Nigeria.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2021Article
- Noma, a neglected disease: A viewpoint article.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Noma, a rapidly progressing infection of the oral cavity, mainly affects children. The true burden is unknown. This study reports estimated noma prevalence in children in northwest Nigeria. Methods: Oral screening was performed on all ≤15 year olds, with caretaker consent, in selected households during this cross-sectional survey. Noma stages were classified using WHO criteria and caretakers answered survey questions. The prevalence of noma was estimated stratified by age group (0-5 and 6-15 years). Factors associated with noma were estimated using logistic regression. Results: A total of 177 clusters, 3499 households and 7122 children were included. In this sample, 4239 (59.8%) were 0-5 years and 3692 (52.1%) were female. Simple gingivitis was identified in 3.1% (n=181; 95% CI 2.6 to 3.8), acute necrotising gingivitis in 0.1% (n=10; CI 0.1 to 0.3) and oedema in 0.05% (n=3; CI 0.02 to 0.2). No cases of late-stage noma were detected. Multivariable analysis in the group aged 0-5 years showed having a well as the drinking water source (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.1; CI 1.2 to 3.6) and being aged 3-5 years (aOR 3.9; CI 2.1 to 7.8) was associated with being a noma case. In 6-15 year olds, being male (aOR 1.5; CI 1.0 to 2.2) was associated with being a noma case and preparing pap once or more per week (aOR 0.4; CI 0.2 to 0.8) was associated with not having noma. We estimated that 129120 (CI 105294 to 1 52 947) individuals <15 years of age would have any stage of noma at the time of the survey within the two states. Most of these cases (93%; n=120 082) would be children with simple gingivitis. Conclusions: Our study identified a high prevalence of children at risk of developing advanced noma. This disease is important but neglected and therefore merits inclusion in the WHO neglected tropical diseases list.
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