Trial reportClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2020
Phase II Trial of IL-12 Plasmid Transfection and PD-1 Blockade in Immunologically Quiescent Melanoma.
Trial report in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
- Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of melanoma, version 3.0.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Guideline
- Phase II Trial of Interleukin-12 Followed by Interferon Alfa-2b in Patients with Metastatic Malignant Melanoma: Results from CALGB 500001 (Alliance).Cancer immunology research · 2026Trial
- Intratumor delivery of a novel plasmid combination induces high levels of metastatic melanoma regression.Gene therapy · 2026Article
- A poly(I:C)/QS-21-based in situ vaccine synergizes with anti-PD-1 therapy to overcome tumor immunoresistance.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Ecosystem-matched reprogramming of the tumor-immune microenvironment to overcome cancer immunotherapy resistance.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Co-stimulatory signal deficiency impairs cytotoxic T lymphocyte function in tumor immune evasion: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Updates on intratumoral therapies in melanoma.Cancer · 2026Review
- Targeting immunosuppressive myeloid cells via implant-mediated slow release of small molecules to prevent glioblastoma recurrence.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- The Evolving Role of Intralesional Therapy in In-Transit Melanoma.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Combination Immunotherapy as a Promising Strategy to Overcome Immunotherapy Resistance: From Emergence to Next-Generation Approaches.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- The Immune Landscape of Acral Melanoma: From Basic to Clinical.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Efficacy of Ipilimumab and Nivolumab Rechallenge in a Long-Term Melanoma Survivor: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2026Article
- Innovative combinatory approaches with dendritic cell-based vaccines: bridging preclinical insights and clinical challenges.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Rewiring tumor cytokine networks to enhance immune checkpoint blockade: mechanisms, engineering, and clinical translation.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Review
- Cytokine delivery and targeting strategies in pet dogs with cancer: a comparative immuno-oncology approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Advanced electrotransfer for IL-12 gene immunotherapy in melanoma: Challenges and possibilities.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Article
- The antitumor mechanism of immuno-flap treatment in a rat model of head and neck cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Effective gene immunotherapy for melanoma utilizing an advancedMolecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Article
- How does mathematical modeling improve our understanding and design of biological immunomodulators?Therapeutic delivery · 2025Article
- Limited Efficacy of Nanoparticle-Assisted Electroporation for Membrane Permeabilization and Gene Electrotransfer.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
24 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTumors with low frequencies of checkpoint positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (cpTIL) have a low likelihood of response to PD-1 blockade. We conducted a prospective multicenter phase II trial of intratumoral plasmid IL-12 (tavokinogene telseplasmid; "tavo") electroporation combined with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced melanoma with low frequencies of checkpoint positive cytotoxic lymphocytes (cpCTL). PATIENTS AND
methodsTavo was administered intratumorally days 1, 5, and 8 every 6 weeks while pembrolizumab (200 mg, i.v.) was administered every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST, secondary endpoints included duration of response, overall survival and progression-free survival. Toxicity was evaluated by the CTCAE v4. Extensive correlative analysis was done.
resultsThe combination of tavo and pembrolizumab was well tolerated with adverse events similar to those previously reported with pembrolizumab alone. Patients had a 41% ORR (
conclusionsThe combination of tavo and pembrolizumab was associated with a higher than expected response rate in this poorly immunogenic population. No new or unexpected toxicities were observed. Correlative analysis showed T cell infiltration with enhanced immunity paralleling the clinical activity in low cpCTL tumors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.