Observational studyBMC nephrology2020
The association between serum chloride levels and chronic kidney disease progression: a cohort study.
Observational study in BMC nephrology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- SGLT2 inhibitors preserve serum chloride in non-diabetic CKD: a propensity-matched and LASSO regression analysis.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Comorbidities associated with early chronickidney disease among young people living withHIV in Uganda. A nested case control study.BMC nephrology · 2026Article
- L-shape association between serum chloride and 365-day mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis based on the MIMIC-IV database.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- U-shaped association between serum chloride and hypertension risk with nadir around 103 mmol/L: insights from regression and interpretable machine learning (XGBoost/SHAP) using NHANES 2017-2018.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- The Intersections of COVID-19, HIV, and Race/Ethnicity: Machine Learning Methods to Identify and Model Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in a Large U.S. National Dataset.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Inverse association between serum chloride levels and the risk of atrial fibrillation in chronic kidney disease patients.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
- L-shaped association between serum chloride levels with 90-day and 365-day all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with COPD: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evaluating the associations between compliance with CKD guideline component metrics and renal outcomes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Intravenous fluid therapy in accordance with kidney injury risk: when to prescribe what volume of which solution.Clinical kidney journal · 2023Review
- Factors Contributing to Chronic Kidney Disease following COVID-19 Diagnosis in Pre-Vaccinated Hospitalized Patients.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the effect of hyperchloremia on the prognosis and mortality of medical intensive care patients: a single-center study.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2022Article
- Molecular Probes, Chemosensors, and Nanosensors for Optical Detection of Biorelevant Molecules and Ions in Aqueous Media and Biofluids.Chemical reviews · 2022Review
- Gallic and Hesperidin Ameliorate Electrolyte Imbalances in AlClBiochemistry research international · 2022Article
- 2020 update on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in pediatric kidney disease and its interactions with coronavirus.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Review
- Serum Chloride Level Is Associated With Abdominal Aortic Calcification.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- Development of a Biomarker Panel to Distinguish Risk of Progressive Chronic Kidney Disease.Biomedicines · 2020Article
- Retrospective Evaluation of the Prognosis and Prevalence of Hyperchloremia in Dogs and Cats.Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLimited data suggest serum chloride levels associate with mortality in heart failure, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Randomized trials have also shown that administration of crystalloid intravenous fluids with lower chloride concentration may have better renal outcomes. However, chloride has not been studied longitudinally for CKD progression.
methodsWe used a prospective cohort of subjects with stage 3 and 4 CKD recruited from a nephrology clinic at a single medical center. Linear regression, linear regression with generalized estimating equations, and Cox proportional hazards models were created for outcomes of overall change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), longitudinal changes in eGFR, and time to > 30% decline in eGFR, respectively. Baseline chloride was modeled continuously and categorically, and models were adjusted for potential confounders.
resultsMedian follow-up was 1.7 years. Baseline median age was 72 years and median eGFR was 35.7 mL/min/1.73m
conclusionsIn CKD patients, higher serum chloride associated with a modestly steeper rate of eGFR decline, and may be a useful biomarker to predict CKD progression. Further studies are needed to determine causality.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.