ArticlePediatric research2021
Differentiating esophageal sensitivity phenotypes using pH-impedance in intensive care unit infants referred for gastroesophageal reflux symptoms.
Article in Pediatric research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- GERD management in neonatal ICU infants: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial comparing maturation, added rice starch formula and proton pump inhibitors.BMC pediatrics · 2026Trial
- Proton pump inhibitor therapy may alter the sensory motor characteristics of pharyngoesophageal motility in infants with suspected GERD.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2024Trial
- Distinct gastroesophageal reflux characteristics in preterm-born infants fed human milk versus formula: insights for clinical practice on outcomes.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Article
- The Irritable Infant in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Risk Factors and Biomarkers of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Characteristics of esophageal refluxate and symptoms in infants compared between pre-treatment and on treatment with proton pump inhibitors.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2024Article
- Change of Sleep Stage during Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Impact of esophageal mucosal permeability markers on provocation-induced esophageal reflexes in high-risk infants.Physiological reports · 2022Article
- Symptom Scores and pH-Impedance: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial in Infants Treated for Gastroesophageal Reflux.Gastro hep advances · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTo identify esophageal sensitivity phenotypes relative to acid (S
methodsSymptomatic infants (N = 279) were evaluated for GERD at 42 (40-45) weeks postmenstrual age using 24-h pH-impedance. Symptom-associated probability (SAP) for acid and bolus components defined esophageal sensitivity: (1) S
resultsEsophageal sensitivity prevalence (S
conclusionsFeeding and breathing methods can influence the frequency and type of aerodigestive symptoms. We differentiated esophageal sensitivity phenotypes in NICU infants referred for GERD symptoms using pH-impedance. Acid sensitivity alone was rare, which may explain poor response to acid suppressives; aerodigestive symptoms were predominantly linked with bolus spread. Magnitude of esophageal acid exposure and esophageal sensitivity to bolus spread may explain the pathophysiological basis for symptoms. IMPACT: Objective GERD diagnosis and reasons for symptoms in NICU infants remains unclear. Differentiation of esophageal sensitivities by acid and bolus components of GER reveal distinct symptom profiles, specifically the bolus component of GER significantly contributes to symptom occurrence. Acid only sensitivity to GER is rare, and acid-suppressive therapy alone may not improve symptoms in a majority of NICU infants. Magnitude of esophageal acid exposure and esophageal sensitivity to any bolus spread may explain the pathophysiological basis for symptoms. Feeding and breathing methods can influence the frequency and type of aerodigestive symptoms. GERD treatments should be individualized to the patient's GERD phenotype and likely also target the bolus component of GER.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.