ReviewEnvironmental and molecular mutagenesis2020
A review on the 40th anniversary of the first regulation of drinking water disinfection by-products.
Review in Environmental and molecular mutagenesis, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exposure to drinking water pollutants and non-syndromic birth defects: a systematic review and meta-analysis synthesis.BMJ open · 2024Pooled it
- Guiding Risk Reduction for Breast Cancer-Relevant Chemicals (BC-Chems): Chemical Production Volumes, Sources, Intake Levels, Emissions, and Regulations.Environmental health perspectives · 2026Article
- Optimized methods for adsorbable organic halides (AOX) and halogen‑specific speciation for tracking disinfection by-products from source to tap.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Drinking Water Contaminant Exposures and Risk of Uterine Cancer.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Granular Activated Carbon Filtration as a Lead Control Strategy.ACS ES&T water · 2026Article
- Disinfection byproducts in US drinking water and cancer mortality.International journal of environmental health research · 2025Article
- Water Disinfection Systems for Pools and Spas: Advantages, Disadvantages, and Consumer Views in the US.ACS ES&T water · 2025Review
- Invited Perspective: Drinking Water Disinfection By-Products and Cancer-A Historical Perspective.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Structure confirmation, reactivity, bacterial mutagenicity and quantification of 2,2,4-tribromo-5-hydroxycyclopent-4-ene-1,3-dione in drinking water.Communications chemistry · 2024Article
- Reconsider the burn: The transient effect of a chlorine burn on controlling opportunistic pathogens in a full-scale chloraminated engineered water system.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- ChloroDBPFinder: Machine Learning-Guided Recognition of Chlorinated Disinfection Byproducts from Nontargeted LC-HRMS Analysis.Analytical chemistry · 2024Article
- High-Throughput Transcriptomics of Water Extracts Detects Reductions in Biological Activity with Water Treatment Processes.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Research Recommendations for Selected IARC-Classified Agents: Impact and Lessons Learned.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Review
- Global assessment of chemical quality of drinking water: The case of trihalomethanes.Water research · 2023Article
- An aluminum-based reflective nanolens array that enhances the effectiveness of a continuous-flow ultraviolet disinfection system for livestock water.Journal of animal science and technology · 2023Article
- Estimating National Exposures and Potential Bladder Cancer Cases Associated with Chlorination DBPs in U.S. Drinking Water.Environmental health perspectives · 2022Article
- Disinfection byproducts in chlorinated or brominated swimming pools and spas: Role of brominated DBPs and association with mutagenicity.Journal of environmental sciences (China) · 2022Article
- Drinking water sources and water quality in a prospective agricultural cohort.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Trends of Drinking Water Disinfection Byproducts-Related Cancers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Environmental health insights · 2022Article
- Adsorption Studies of Waterborne Trihalomethanes Using Modified Polysaccharide Adsorbents.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Water disinfection, primarily by chlorination, is one of the greatest achievements of public health. However, more than half a century after its introduction, studies in the 1970s reported that (a) chlorine interacted with organic matter in the water to form disinfection by-products (DBPs); (b) two DBPs, chloroform and bromoform, both trihalomethanes (THMs), were rodent carcinogens; (c) three brominated THMs were mutagenic; in six studies chlorinated drinking waters in the United States and Canada were mutagenic; and (d) in one epidemiological study there was an association between bladder cancer mortality and THM exposure. This led the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to issue its first DBP regulation in 1979. Forty years later, >600 DBPs have been characterized, 20/22 have been shown to be rodent carcinogens, >100 have been shown to be genotoxic, and 1000s of water samples have been found to be mutagenic. Data support a hypothesis that long-term dermal/inhalation exposure to certain levels of the three brominated THMs, as well as oral exposure to the haloacetic acids, combined with a specific genotype may increase the risk for bladder cancer for a small but significant population group. Improved water-treatment methods and stricter regulations have likely reduced such risks over the years, and further reductions in potential risk are anticipated with the application of advanced water-treatment methods and wider application of drinking water regulations. This 40-year research effort is a remarkable example of sustained cooperation between academic and government scientists, along with public/private water companies, to find answers to a pressing public health question.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.