ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2020
Xiaochaihutang Improves the Cortical Astrocyte Edema in Thioacetamide-Induced Rat Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy by Activating NRF2 Pathway.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combination therapy with rifaximin and lactulose in hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Liraglutide Attenuates Multiorgan Oxidative, Astroglial, and Mitochondrial Stress Responses in Thioacetamide-Induced Hepatic Encephalopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Berberine and lactulose combination therapy attenuates neuroinflammation and hepatic injury in thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Oleuropein modulates behavioral changes, apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, oxidative stress-associated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in TAA-Induced hepatic encephalopathy.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Pretreatment of trans-ferulic acid improved neurotoxicity in a thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy rat model; participation of the MAPK/NF-κb signaling pathway.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Modulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 in liver-brain axis disorders.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Gallic acid alleviates hippocampus and cerebellum injuries in a rat model of hepatic encephalopathy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Formation of self-assembly aggregates in traditional Chinese medicine decoctions and their application in cancer treatments.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Disruption of Circadian NRF2 Expression and Its Impact on Pain Sensitivity in Diabetes Peripheral Neuropathy.Pain research & management · 2025Article
- Comparative role of acetaminophen, carbon tetrachloride and thioacetamide in development of fibrosis in rats.Toxicology research · 2024Article
- Review
- Myricetin attenuates hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal ratsFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- New Insight Into Mechanisms of Hepatic Encephalopathy: An Integrative Analysis Approach to Identify Molecular Markers and Therapeutic Targets.Bioinformatics and biology insights · 2023Article
- Ashwagandha-loaded nanocapsules improved the behavioral alterations, and blocked MAPK and induced Nrf2 signaling pathways in a hepatic encephalopathy rat model.Drug delivery and translational research · 2023Article
- Astrocytes profiling in acute hepatic encephalopathy: Possible enrolling of glial fibrillary acidic protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, inwardly rectifying potassium channel (Kir 4.1) and aquaporin-4 in rat cerebral cortex.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Article
- 2021 ISHEN guidelines on animal models of hepatic encephalopathy.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2021Review
- Drug-induced-acute liver failure: A critical appraisal of the thioacetamide model for the study of hepatic encephalopathy.Toxicology reports · 2021Review
- Retention enema with traditional Chinese medicine for hepatic encephalopathy: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Oxidative stress induced by high ammonia, which leads to astrocyte edema, is the key to acute hepatic encephalopathy (AHE). Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) has been implicated in oxidative stress, but the mechanism of NRF2 against ammonia-induced astrocytes edema has not been fully studied. We confirmed that the NRF2 pathway is related to brain edema caused by AHE and found that Xiaochaihutang (XCHT) could effectively activate the NRF2 pathway to treat AHE. The model of AHE was established with thioacetamide (TAA) in rats. Rat behaviors were observed, brain water content, blood ammonia levels, glutamine synthetase (GS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) were determined after XCHT treatment. Furthermore, the expression of NRF2 pathway proteins and mRNA, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and aquaporins 4 (AQP4) were examined. In order to determine whether XCHT has a direct effect on cerebral edema caused by high ammonia, we examined the effect of XCHT compound serum on cortical astrocytes in the presence of ammonia, through microscopic observation and immunofluorescence (IF). Results showed that AHE induced by TAA changed the behavior of the rats, and increased brain water content, blood ammonia levels, GS and MDA content meanwhile decreasing T-SOD, but these symptoms were improved by treatment with XCHT. XCHT protected brain edema by activating the NRF2 pathway and increasing the expression of downstream proteins and genes. Astrocytes treated with 5 mM ammonia also showed an increase in the AQP4 protein expression but a decrease in XCHT compound serum and ammonia-induced cell edema groups. This study demonstrates that the NRF2 pathway is involved in the brain edema in AHE, and XCHT may represent a useful prescription for the treatment of AHE.
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