ArticleEuropean heart journal2020
Clinical effectiveness of primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: results of the EU-CERT-ICD controlled multicentre cohort study.
Article in European heart journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 147 citations in OpenAlex.
- ACC/AHA/ASE/HFSA/HRS/SCAI/SCCT/SCMR 2025 Appropriate Use Criteria for Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators, Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy, and Pacing.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2025Guideline
- Pooled it
- Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in ischaemic versus non-ischaemic heart failure: Insights from the VICTORIA trial.European journal of heart failure · 2025Trial
- Effect of dapagliflozin on ventricular arrhythmias, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or sudden death in DAPA-HF.European heart journal · 2021Trial
- A Cumulative Electrical Risk Score Is Associated with Appropriate ICD Therapy in Primary-Prevention Patients with Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Automatic measurement of short-term variability of repolarization on human intracardiac electrograms predicts VT/VF events.Heart rhythm O2 · 2026Article
- Patients' Perspectives on Applications of AI and Personalized Medicine in Life-Threatening Heart Disease: European Cross-Sectional Patient Questionnaire Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Deactivation of Cardiac Devices at the End of Life: Clinical and Ethical Challenges.Current heart failure reports · 2026Review
- Device-related events do not alter long-term psychological distress after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: A 24-month prospective cohort study.Heart rhythm O2 · 2026Article
- Contemporary trends and outcomes in European ICD recipients: a 15-year analysis.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2026Article
- Evaluation and management of recent onset cardiomyopathy in the current era of heart failure therapeutics: a clinical consensus statement of the Heart Failure Association of the ESC.ESC heart failure · 2026Review
- Isolated extravascular implantable cardioverter-defibrillator infection without leadless pacemaker involvement: A unique dual-device case report.HeartRhythm case reports · 2026Article
- Current Status of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators (ICDs)/Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy With Defibrillators (CRT-Ds) for Primary Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death.Journal of arrhythmia · 2026Review
- Sudden cardiac death in stable coronary artery disease: A literature review.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Review
- Cost-utility analysis of the wearable cardioverter defibrillator in high-risk post-myocardial infarction patients in the Spanish healthcare system.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- CHAFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Late gadolinium enhancement imaging and sudden cardiac death.European heart journal · 2025Review
- Predictive Value of Electrocardiographic Markers Versus Echocardiographic and Clinical Measures for Appropriate ICD Shocks in Heart Failure Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Battery Longevity in Modern Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy-Defibrillators.Journal of arrhythmia · 2025Article
- Cardiac rhythm devices in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction - role, timing, and optimal use in contemporary practice. European Journal of Heart Failure expert consensus document.European journal of heart failure · 2025Review
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
25 authors at 17 institutions in 16 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsThe EUropean Comparative Effectiveness Research to Assess the Use of Primary ProphylacTic Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators (EU-CERT-ICD), a prospective investigator-initiated, controlled cohort study, was conducted in 44 centres and 15 European countries. It aimed to assess current clinical effectiveness of primary prevention ICD therapy. METHODS AND
resultsWe recruited 2327 patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) or dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and guideline indications for prophylactic ICD implantation. Primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. Clinical characteristics, medications, resting, and 12-lead Holter electrocardiograms (ECGs) were documented at enrolment baseline. Baseline and follow-up (FU) data from 2247 patients were analysable, 1516 patients before first ICD implantation (ICD group) and 731 patients without ICD serving as controls. Multivariable models and propensity scoring for adjustment were used to compare the two groups for mortality. During mean FU of 2.4 ± 1.1 years, 342 deaths occurred (6.3%/years annualized mortality, 5.6%/years in the ICD group vs. 9.2%/years in controls), favouring ICD treatment [unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.682, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.537-0.865, P = 0.0016]. Multivariable mortality predictors included age, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), New York Heart Association class <III, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Adjusted mortality associated with ICD vs. control was 27% lower (HR 0.731, 95% CI 0.569-0.938, P = 0.0140). Subgroup analyses indicated no ICD benefit in diabetics (adjusted HR = 0.945, P = 0.7797, P for interaction = 0.0887) or those aged ≥75 years (adjusted HR 1.063, P = 0.8206, P for interaction = 0.0902).
conclusionIn contemporary ICM/DCM patients (LVEF ≤35%, narrow QRS), primary prophylactic ICD treatment was associated with a 27% lower mortality after adjustment. There appear to be patients with less survival advantage, such as older patients or diabetics.
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