ReviewNature reviews. Neurology2020
Treatment and management of cognitive dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis.
Review in Nature reviews. Neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 93 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effects of In-phase Bilateral Exercise on Cognitive and Motor Outcome Measures, in Patients with Progressive Multiple Sclerosis, a Randomized Control Trial.
Home Based Functional Balance Intervention (FBI) for Physical and Cognitive Symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 198 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Differentially Expressed Proteins in Cerebrospinal Fluid Associated with Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Pharmacological treatment options for cognitive dysfunction induced by multiple sclerosis: a network meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Comparing cognitive impairment using MACFIMS in patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Sleep and cognitive outcomes in multiple sclerosis; a systematic review.BMC psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Increased functional network connectivity following cognitive rehabilitation in progressive multiple sclerosis with moderate to severe disabilty: findings from the CogEx study.Journal of neurology · 2026Trial
- Cognitive training, exercise training or combined training? A comparative effectiveness research study on subjective and objective cognitive outcomes in multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2026Trial
- Aerobic walking exercise training boosts thalamic connectivity in MS patients with cognitive processing speed impairment.Brain and cognition · 2025Trial
- Effects of Acupuncture on Cognitive Functions in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2025Trial
- Improved quality of life and psychological symptoms following mindfulness and cognitive rehabilitation in multiple sclerosis and their mediating role for cognition: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neurology · 2024Trial
- Trial
- A randomized trial predicting response to cognitive rehabilitation in multiple sclerosis: Is there a window of opportunity?Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2022Trial
- The efficacy of speed of processing training for improving processing speed in individuals with multiple sclerosis: a randomized clinical trial.Journal of neurology · 2022Trial
- Fatigue rather than cognitive reserve is associated with self-management in low-disability multiple sclerosis.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2026Article
- Investigating functional brain networks in multiple sclerosis patients: a graph theory approach for evaluating working memory impairment.Brain informatics · 2026Article
- Co-development of a protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial of CIRCuiTS™ cognitive remediation therapy for people with multiple sclerosis.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2026Review
- Building Towards Initiation, Moderation, De-Escalation and Cessation of Disease-Modifying Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis in Greece: An Expert Panel Consensus Meeting.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- MicroRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Transcriptome analysis of the prefrontal cortex identifies inflammatory genes associated with cognitive impairment in a model of multiple sclerosis.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- In-Phase Bilateral Upper Limb Exercises Improve Cognitive and Motor Functions in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Brain sciences · 2026Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a common and devastating manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS). Although disease-modifying therapies have been efficacious for reducing relapse rates in MS, such treatments are ineffective for treating cognitive dysfunction. Alternative treatment approaches for mitigating cognitive problems are greatly needed in this population. To date, cognitive rehabilitation and exercise training have been identified as possible candidates for treating MS-related cognitive impairment; however, cognitive dysfunction is still often considered to be poorly managed in patients with MS. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the treatment and management of cognitive impairment in people with MS. We describe the theoretical rationales, current states of the science, field-wide challenges and recent advances in cognitive rehabilitation and exercise training for treating MS-related cognitive impairment. We also discuss future directions for research into the treatment of cognitive impairment in MS that should set the stage for the inclusion of cognitive rehabilitation and exercise training into clinical practice within the next decade.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.