Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32372009›Full record

SynthesisMolecular psychiatry2021

Gene-educational attainment interactions in a multi-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis identify novel blood pressure loci.

Lisa de las Fuentes, Yun Ju Sung, Raymond Noordam, Thomas Winkler, Mary F Feitosa, Karen Schwander, Amy R Bentley, Michael R Brown, Xiuqing Guo, Alisa Manning and 213 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Molecular psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. TheJournal of the American Heart Association · 2026
    Article
  4. Genetic variants of accessory proteins and G proteins in human genetic disease.Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences · 2025
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Genes, environment, and African ancestry in cardiometabolic disorders.Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · 2023
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

223 authors at 20 institutions in 24 countries.

Lisa de las FuentesCardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. lfuentes@wustl.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-325X
Yun Ju SungDivision of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. yunju@wustl.edu.
Raymond NoordamSection of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA, The Netherlands.
Thomas WinklerDepartment of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, 93051, Regensburg, Germany.
Mary F FeitosaDivision of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0933-2410
Karen SchwanderDivision of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Amy R BentleyCenter for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0827-9101
Michael R BrownHuman Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Xiuqing GuoThe Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA.
Alisa ManningClinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Daniel I ChasmanDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Hugues AschardDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Traci M BartzCardiovascular Health Research Unit, Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.
Lawrence F BielakDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Archie CampbellCentre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0198-5078
Ching-Yu ChengOcular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Ecy Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0655-885X
Rajkumar DorajooGenome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6608-2051
Fernando P HartwigPostgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, 96020-220, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3729-0710
A R V R HorimotoLaboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, 5403000, Brazil.
Changwei LiEpidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia at Athens College of Public Health, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
Ruifang Li-GaoDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA, Netherlands.
Yongmei LiuPublic Health Sciences, Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
Jonathan MartenMedical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
Solomon K MusaniJackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39213, USA.
Ioanna NtallaClinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
Tuomo RankinenHuman Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Melissa RichardInstitute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 70808, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0129-9860
Xueling SimSaw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1233-7642
Albert V SmithDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Salman M TajuddinHealth Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Bamidele O TayoDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
Dina VojinovicDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Helen R WarrenClinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
Deng XuanBiostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
Maris AlverEstonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia.
Mathilde BoisselCNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, 59000, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5719-8749
Jin-Fang ChaiSaw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.
Xu ChenDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1106-8065
Kaare ChristensenUnit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, Southern Denmark University, Odense, 5000, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-5292
Jasmin DiversBiostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
Evangelos EvangelouDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.
Chuan GaoMolecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
Giorgia GirottoMedical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34100, Italy.
Sarah E HarrisDepartment of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4941-5106
Meian HeDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Fang-Chi HsuBiostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
Brigitte KühnelResearch Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
Federica LaguzziUnit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.
Xiaoyin LiDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Leo-Pekka LyytikäinenDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland.
Ilja M NolteUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5047-4077
Alaitz PovedaDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Skåne, 205 02, Sweden.
Rainer RauramaaFoundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland.
Muhammad RiazCollege of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, Health Sciences, The Infant Mortality and Morbidity Studies (TIMMS), Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
Rico RueediDepartment of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
Xiao-Ou ShuDivision of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
Harold SniederUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1949-2298
Tamar SoferDivision of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Fumihiko TakeuchiDepartment of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 1628655, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3185-5661
Niek VerweijUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, 9700, The Netherlands.
Erin B WareSurvey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4731-8158
Stefan WeissInterfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 9713GZ, Greifswald, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3553-4315
Lisa R YanekDivision of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-1075
Najaf AminDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Dan E ArkingMcKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Donna K ArnettDean's Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
Sven BergmannDepartment of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6785-9034
Eric BoerwinkleHuman Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Jennifer A BrodyCardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8509-148X
Ulrich BroeckelSection of Genomic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
Marco BrumatMedical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34100, Italy.
Gregory BurkePublic Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA.
Claudia P CabreraClinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
Mickaël CanouilCNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, 59000, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3396-4549
Miao Li CheeStatistics Unit, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.
Yii-Der Ida ChenThe Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA.
Massimiliano CoccaInstitute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, 34100, Italy.
John ConnellNinewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, DD1 9SY, UK.
H Janaka de SilvaDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka.
Paul S de VriesHuman Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Gudny EiriksdottirIcelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland.
Jessica D FaulSurvey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.
Virginia FisherBiostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
Terrence ForresterTropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, JMAAW15, Jamaica.
Ervin F FoxCardiology, Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
Yechiel FriedlanderBraun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
He GaoDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.
Bruna GiganteCardiovascular Unit, Bioclinicum, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, 17164, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4508-7990
Franco GiulianiniBrigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Chi Charles GuDivision of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Dongfeng GuDepartment of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Tamara B HarrisLaboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Jiang HeEpidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
Sami HeikkinenInstitute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, 70211, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6083-2402
Chew-Kiat HengDepartment of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
Steven HuntCardiovascular Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA.
M Arfan IkramDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0372-8585
Marguerite R IrvinDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
Mika KähönenDepartment of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33521, Finland.
Maryam KavousiDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Chiea Chuen KhorGenome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.
Tuomas O KilpeläinenNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark.
Woon-Puay KohSaw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.
Pirjo KomulainenFoundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland.
Aldi T KrajaDivision of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA.
J E KriegerLaboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, 5403000, Brazil.
Carl D LangefeldBiostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
Yize LiDivision of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1074-281X
Jingjing LiangDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
David C M LiewaldDepartment of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0544-7368
Ching-Ti LiuBiostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0703-0742
Jianjun LiuGenome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3255-3019
Kurt K LohmanPublic Health Sciences, Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
Reedik MägiEstonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia.
Colin A McKenzieTropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, JMAAW15, Jamaica.
Thomas MeitingerInstitute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
Andres MetspaluEstonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia.
Yuri MilaneschiDepartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081 BT, The Netherlands.
Lili MilaniEstonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5323-3102
Dennis O Mook-KanamoriDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA, Netherlands.
Mike A NallsMolecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, 20895, USA.
Christopher P NelsonDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8025-2897
Jill M NorrisDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
Jeff O'ConnellDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Adesola OgunniyiDepartment of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria.
Sandosh PadmanabhanBritish Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK.
Nicholette D PalmerBiochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8883-2511
Nancy L PedersenDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.
Thomas PerlsDepartment of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
Annette PetersInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
Astrid PetersmannInstitute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
Patricia A PeyserDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9717-8459
Ozren PolasekUniversity of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia.
David J PorteousCentre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
Leslie J RaffelDivision of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92868, USA.
Treva K RiceDivision of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Jerome I RotterThe Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7191-1723
Igor RudanUsher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6993-6884
Oscar-Leonel Rueda-OchoaDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Charumathi SabanayagamOcular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Ecy Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.
Babatunde L SalakoDepartment of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria.
Pamela J SchreinerDivision of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA.
James M ShikanyDivision of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 25249, USA.
Stephen S SidneyDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA.
Mario SimsJackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39213, USA.
Colleen M SitlaniCardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.
Jennifer A SmithDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3575-5468
John M StarrAlzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AZ, UK.
Konstantin StrauchInstitute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
Morris A SwertzUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands.
Alexander TeumerDZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8309-094X
Yih Chung ThamOcular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Ecy Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.
André G UitterlindenDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7276-3387
Dhananjay VaidyaDivision of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
M Yldau van der EndeUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, 9700, The Netherlands.
Melanie WaldenbergerResearch Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
Lihua WangDivision of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA.
Ya-Xing WangBeijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100730, Beijing, China.
Wen-Bin WeiBeijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100730, Beijing, China.
David R WeirSurvey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-2402
Wanqing WenDivision of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
Jie YaoThe Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA.
Bing YuHuman Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Caizheng YuDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Jian-Min YuanDepartment of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
Wei ZhaoDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7388-0692
Alan B ZondermanBehavioral Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Diane M BeckerDivision of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Donald W BowdenBiochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
Ian J DearyDepartment of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
Marcus DörrDZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
Tõnu EskoEstonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1982-6569
Barry I FreedmanSection on Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-, Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
Philippe FroguelCNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, 59000, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2972-0784
Paolo GaspariniMedical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34100, Italy.
Christian GiegerResearch Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
Jost Bruno JonasDepartment of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2972-5227
Candace M KammererDepartment of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
Norihiro KatoDepartment of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 1628655, Japan.
Timo A LakkaFoundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland.
Karin LeanderUnit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.
Terho LehtimäkiDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland.
Lifelines Cohort Study
Patrik K E MagnussonDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7315-7899
Pedro Marques-VidalDepartment of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4548-8500
Brenda W J H PenninxDepartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081 BT, The Netherlands.
Nilesh J SamaniDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK.
Pim van der HarstUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, 9700, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2713-686X
Lynne E WagenknechtPublic Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA.
Tangchun WuDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Wei ZhengDivision of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
Xiaofeng ZhuDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Claude BouchardHuman Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0048-491X
Richard S CooperDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
Adolfo CorreaJackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39213, USA.
Michele K EvansHealth Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Vilmundur GudnasonIcelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5696-0084
Caroline HaywardMedical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9405-9550
Bernardo L HortaPostgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, 96020-220, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9843-412X
Tanika N KellyEpidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
Stephen B KritchevskySticht Center for Health Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
Daniel LevyNHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA.
Walter R PalmasDivision of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
A C PereiraLaboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, 5403000, Brazil.
Michael M ProvinceDivision of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA.
Bruce M PsatyCardiovascular Health Research Unit, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.
Paul M RidkerHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Charles N RotimiCenter for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
E Shyong TaiSaw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.
Rob M van DamSaw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.
Cornelia M van DuijnDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Tien Yin WongOcular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Ecy Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.
Kenneth RiceDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
W James GaudermanBiostatistics, Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
Alanna C MorrisonHuman Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Kari E NorthEpidemiology, University of North Carolina Gilling School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.
Sharon L R KardiaDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Mark J CaulfieldClinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9295-3594
Paul ElliottDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.
Patricia B MunroeClinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
Paul W FranksDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Skåne, 205 02, Sweden.
Dabeeru C RaoDivision of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Myriam FornageInstitute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 70808, USA.
Wake Forest University · USWashington University in St. Louis · USUniversity of Michigan · USErasmus MC · NLNational Institutes of Health · USQueen Mary University of London · GBUniversity Medical Center Groningen · NLKarolinska Institutet · SENational University of Singapore · SGBrigham and Women's Hospital · USHelmholtz Zentrum München · DEThe University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston · USBoston University · USJohns Hopkins University · USThe Lundquist Institute · USUniversidade de São Paulo · BRUniversitätsmedizin Greifswald · DEUniversity of Edinburgh · GBUniversity of Tartu · EEUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

HRS Yrs29-34: Y33 SSA CoFundingU01AG009740 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Jessica Faul, KENNETH M LANGA · 1990 to 2026
$555.8M
UCLA Clinical Translational Science InstituteUL1TR001881 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI ARLEEN F. BROWN, ARASH NAEIM · 2016 to 2026
$118.1M
Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (UL1)UL1RR025005 · NCRR · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, DANIEL ERNEST · 2007 to 2011
$75.8M
Healthy Aging In Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Life Span (HANDLS)ZIAAG000513 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI EVANS, MICHELE K · 2009 to 2025
$70.9M
Institute for Clinical and Translational ResearchUL1TR001079 · NCATS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, DANIEL ERNEST · 2013 to 2017
$60.1M
QAQC Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational ResearchUL1TR003098 · NCATS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, DANIEL ERNEST · 2019 to 2023
$57.7M
UCLA Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR000124 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI DUBINETT, STEVEN M. · 2012 to 2015
$57.0M
Genetic epidemiology of complex diseasesZIAHG200362 · NHGRI · NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI ROTIMI, CHARLES · 2009 to 2025
$54.7M
Framingham Project/LevyZIAHL006001 · NHLBI · NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE · PI LEVY, DANIEL · 2009 to 2025
$51.1M
Transgenic & Knock-out MouseP30DK063491 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Andrea L Hevener · 2003 to 2026
$40.4M
ZINC AND CA EDTA THERAPY OF PLUMBISMM01RR000052 · NCRR · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI MARSH, LAURA · 1985 to 2007
$37.3M
WORKER PROTECTION AGAINST AIRBORNE INFLUENZA - A PILOT STUDYM01RR007122 · NCRR · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI KOCH, KENNETH L · 1992 to 2010
$35.2M
Intramural NIH HHS Z01 AG000513Intramural NIH HHS Z01 HG200362Intramural NIH HHS ZIA EY000401Medical Research Council G0700704Medical Research Council MC_UU_00007/10Medical Research Council MR/K026992/1Medical Research Council MR/L01341X/1Medical Research Council MR/R023484/1Medical Research Council MR/S019669/1NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000040NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000124NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001079NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001420NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001881NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR003098NCI NIH HHS R01 CA047988NCI NIH HHS R01 CA144034NCI NIH HHS U01 CA182876NCI NIH HHS U01 CA182913NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA173640NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA182876NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA182910NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA182913NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000052NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR007122NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR010284NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR025005NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG003054NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG004402NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG004424NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG004446NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG004729NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201200054CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201300005CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201300046CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201300048CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201300050CNHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL105897NHLBI NIH HHS K25 HL121091NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC025195NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC065226NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC065233NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC065234NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC065235NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC065236NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC065237NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085079NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085080NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085081NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085082NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085083NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085086NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095159NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095160NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095161NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095162NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095164NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095165NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095166NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095167NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095168NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095169NHLBI NIH HHS N02 HL064278NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL045670NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL053353NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL055673NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL059367NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL060919NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL060944NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL061019NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL067348NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL071025NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL071917NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL074166NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL080467NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL085251NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL086694NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL086718NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL087263NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL087641NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL087652NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL087660NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL087698NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL090682NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL092165NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL092301NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL103612NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL105756NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL117078NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL118305NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL119443NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL120393NHLBI NIH HHS R37 HL045508NHLBI NIH HHS RC1 HL099747NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL054464NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL054471NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL054481NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL072507NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL072518NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL080295NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL130114NHLBI NIH HHS U10 HL054457NHLBI NIH HHS U10 HL054472NHLBI NIH HHS U10 HL054473NHLBI NIH HHS U10 HL054495NHLBI NIH HHS U10 HL054496NHLBI NIH HHS U10 HL054497NHLBI NIH HHS U10 HL054509NIA NIH HHS HHSN271201200022CNIA NIH HHS N01 AG012100NIA NIH HHS N01 AG062101NIA NIH HHS N01 AG062103NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066546NIA NIH HHS R01 AG023629NIA NIH HHS R01 AG032098NIA NIH HHS R03 AG046389NIA NIH HHS RC2 AG036495NIA NIH HHS RC4 AG039029NIA NIH HHS U01 AG009740NIA NIH HHS U01 AG023746NIA NIH HHS U01 AG052409NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD042157NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK063491NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK071891NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK075681NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK075787NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK085175NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK089256NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK101855NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK066134NIGMS NIH HHS S06 GM008016NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH081802NIMH NIH HHS RC2 MH089951NIMH NIH HHS RC2 MH089995NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS017950NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS062059NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS128135NLM NIH HHS R01 LM010098
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Educational attainment is widely used as a surrogate for socioeconomic status (SES). Low SES is a risk factor for hypertension and high blood pressure (BP). To identify novel BP loci, we performed multi-ancestry meta-analyses accounting for gene-educational attainment interactions using two variables, "Some College" (yes/no) and "Graduated College" (yes/no). Interactions were evaluated using both a 1 degree of freedom (DF) interaction term and a 2DF joint test of genetic and interaction effects. Analyses were performed for systolic BP, diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure. We pursued genome-wide interrogation in Stage 1 studies (N = 117 438) and follow-up on promising variants in Stage 2 studies (N = 293 787) in five ancestry groups. Through combined meta-analyses of Stages 1 and 2, we identified 84 known and 18 novel BP loci at genome-wide significance level (P < 5 × 10

Indexed as

Genome-Wide Association StudyHypertensionBlood PressureEpistasis, GeneticGenetic LociHumansPolymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Identifiers

PMID32372009
PMCPMC7641978
OpenAlexW3022655746

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