ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
Mechanisms of Wheat Allergenicity in Mice: Comparison of Adjuvant-Free vs. Alum-Adjuvant Models.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Creation of the First Comparative Gluten Allergenicity Map Using a Mouse Model: A Preclinical Tool to Establish Substantial Equivalence of Novel Wheat Glutens.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Mouse Models of Food Allergies: Where Do They Take Us?Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Development of an intestinal allergy model to evaluate the initial introduction of infant rice cereal.NPJ science of food · 2025Article
- Allergens from wheat and wheat products: A comprehensive review on allergy mechanisms and modifications.Food chemistry: X · 2025Review
- Advances in Mechanisms of Anaphylaxis in Wheat Allergy: Utility of Rodent Models.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Glutenin from the Ancient Wheat Progenitor Is Intrinsically Allergenic as It Can Clinically Sensitize Mice for Systemic Anaphylaxis by Activating Th2 Immune Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Advances in Gluten Hypersensitivity: Novel Dietary-Based Therapeutics in Research and Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Is Wheat Glutenin Extract Intrinsically Allergenic? Evaluation Using a Novel Adjuvant-Free Mouse Model of Systemic Anaphylaxis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Chronic application of alcohol-soluble gluten extract over undamaged skin causes clinical sensitization for life-threatening anaphylaxis via activation of systemic Th2 immune responses in mice.Frontiers in allergy · 2023Article
- A Mouse-Based Method to Monitor Wheat Allergens in Novel Wheat Lines and Varieties Created by Crossbreeding: Proof-of-Concept Using Durum andInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- An Adjuvant-Free Mouse Model Using Skin Sensitization Without Tape-Stripping Followed by Oral Elicitation of Anaphylaxis: A Novel Pre-Clinical Tool for Testing Intrinsic Wheat Allergenicity.Frontiers in allergy · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
Wheat protein is considered a major type of food allergen in many countries including the USA. The mechanisms of allergenicity of wheat proteins are not well understood at present. Both adjuvant-based and adjuvant-free mouse models are reported for this food allergy. However, it is unclear whether the mechanisms underlying wheat allergenicity in these two types of models are similar or different. Therefore, we compared the molecular mechanisms in a novel adjuvant-free (AF) model vs. a conventional alum-adjuvant (AA) model of wheat allergy using salt-soluble wheat protein (SSWP). In the AF model, Balb/cJ mice were sensitized with SSWP via skin exposure. In the AA model, mice were sensitized by an intraperitoneal injection of SSWP with alum. In both models, allergic reactions were elicited using an identical protocol. Robust IgE as well as mucosal mast cell protein-1 responses were elicited similarly in both models. However, an analysis of the spleen immune markers identified strikingly different molecular activation patterns in these two models. Furthermore, a number of immune markers associated with intrinsic allergenicity were also identified in both models. Since the AF model uses skin exposure without an adjuvant, the mechanisms in the AF model may more closely simulate the human wheat allergenicity mechanisms from skin exposure in occupational settings such as in the baking industry.
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