ArticlePloS one2020
Type 2 diabetes, breast cancer specific and overall mortality: Associations by metformin use and modification by race, body mass, and estrogen receptor status.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Global determinants of breast cancer mortality: a comprehensive meta-analysis of clinical, demographic, and lifestyle risk factors.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Prognostic value of metformin in cancers: An updated meta-analysis based on 80 cohort studies.Medicine · 2022 · on this mapPooled it
- Risks of and From SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 in People With Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Reviews.Diabetes care · 2021Pooled it
- The association between pre-existing type 2 diabetes on cancer-related and all-cause mortality among women with breast cancer.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in Diabetes Care Quality in A National Sample of Cancer Survivors Relative to Non-Cancer Controls.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Impaired Cognition and Illness Beliefs in Breast Cancer Survivors Comorbid With Diabetes.Psycho-oncology · 2025Article
- Implications of obesity and insulin resistance for the treatment of oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.British journal of cancer · 2024Review
- Influence of Type 2 Diabetes and Adipose Tissue Dysfunction on Breast Cancer and Potential Benefits from Nutraceuticals Inducible in Microalgae.Nutrients · 2024Review
- The association of breast cancer patients survival and prior menopausal hormone therapy in women with type 2 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Mendelian randomization analysis revealed potential metabolic causal factors for breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The impact of poor metabolic health on aggressive breast cancer: adipose tissue and tumor metabolism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- The crosstalk within the breast tumor microenvironment in type II diabetes: Implications for cancer disparities.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Types of carbohydrate intake and breast cancer survival.European journal of nutrition · 2021Article
- Potential intrinsic subtype dependence on the association between metformin use and survival in surgically resected breast cancer: a Korean national population-based study.International journal of clinical oncology · 2021Article
- Enhanced antitumor activity of doxorubicin by naringenin and metformin in breast carcinoma: an experimental study.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2021Article
- Transcriptome Analysis of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue from Severely Obese Patients Highlights Deregulation Profiles in Coding and Non-Coding Oncogenes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Predictive Factors Among Clinicopathological Characteristics for Sentinel Lymph Node Metastasis in T1-T2 Breast Cancer.Cancer management and research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWhile type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been associated with increased all-cause mortality among women diagnosed with breast cancer (BC), the association between T2D and breast cancer-specific (BCS) mortality is unresolved. The goal of this study was to examine the association between T2D and BCS mortality and examine the influence of metformin treatment on mortality rates.
methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2002 and 2008 at Emory University Hospitals among non-Hispanic black and white women who had confirmed diagnosis of stage I-III BC and known diabetes status (T2D: n = 73; non-T2D: n = 514). Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
resultsCompared to non-T2D patients, T2D women had almost a 2-fold increase in BCS mortality after adjusting for covariates (HR = 2.01; 95%CI = 1.02-3.98). Though attenuated, the increased hazard of death was also observed for all-cause mortality (HR = 1.74; 95%CI = 1.06-2.87). T2D patients who were not on metformin had substantially higher hazard of BCS mortality compared to non-diabetic patients (HR = 4.54; 95%CI = 1.98-10.44), whereas the association among T2D patients treated with metformin was weak (HR = 1.20; 95%CI = 0.36-3.97) and included the null.
conclusionsAmong women with BC, T2D is associated with increased BCS mortality. Metformin treatment for T2D during the initial diagnosis of BC may improve outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.