ArticleAddictive behaviors reports2020
The impact of a comprehensive tobacco product flavor ban in San Francisco among young adults.
Article in Addictive behaviors reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 72 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review investigating policy design and implementation of US state and local policy to restrict the sale of flavored tobacco products.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Pooled it
- The Public Health Impacts of Flavored Cigar Bans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Pooled it
- The Impact of Menthol Cigarette Bans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and network meta-analysis of population-level interventions to tackle smoking behaviour.Nature human behaviour · 2024Pooled it
- Restricting choice of e-cigarette flavor and device type increases choices to use combusted cigarettes among adults who dual use both products: Results from a within-subjects randomized trial.Addictive behaviors · 2026Trial
- An experimental evaluation of the effects of banning the sale of flavored tobacco products on adolescents' and young adults' future nicotine vaping intentions.Addictive behaviors · 2023Trial
- Effects of tobacco product type and characteristics on appeal and perceived harm: Results from a discrete choice experiment among Guatemalan adolescents.Preventive medicine · 2021Trial
- "Cannabis Green Wave" versus "Nicotine Freeze": the regulatory paradox of cannabis liberalization and nicotine prohibition.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- College Students' Reported Sources of Nicotine Vapes and Cigarettes After California's Restriction on Flavored Tobacco Sales.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- An evaluation of Massachusetts' flavored tobacco restriction one year after policy implementation: Is it promoting equity?Journal of public health policy · 2026Article
- State-Level Flavored E-Cigarette Bans and Initiation Rates Among Youths and Adults.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- The Effects of State-Level Flavored Electronic Cigarette Restrictions on Adult Tobacco Use Using Multilevel Modeling: Findings From the PATH Study Waves 5 and 7 (2018-2023).Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Comprehensive E-Cigarette Flavor Bans and Tobacco Use Among Youth and Adults.Health economics · 2025Article
- Effect of Advertising Exposure on Responses of Young Non-e-Cigarette Users to Banning Flavors in China: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- National longitudinal risk of tobacco use among youth and young adults in US local jurisdictions with and without flavor and comprehensive smoke-free policies, 2014-2019.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2025Article
- State E-Cigarette Flavor Restrictions and Tobacco Product Use in Youths and Adults.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Support for a ban on characterizing flavours in cigarettes in the UK: a longitudinal online survey.European journal of public health · 2025Article
- Flavored Tobacco Product Use Among California Adolescents Before and Immediately After a Statewide Flavor Ban.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Effects of Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes and Nicotine Vaping Device Characteristics on Choices to Smoke, Vape, or Abstain in Early Young Adults.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Examining the flavor descriptors of e-cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and nicotine pouches in the Philippines: Regulatory challenges and opportunities.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveFlavors play an important role in the initiation and use of tobacco products. The FDA, states, and cities have been implementing or considering banning flavored e-cigarettes or any flavored tobacco products. This study empirically assessed the impact of one of the first comprehensive bans of all flavored tobacco products other than tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes among young adults in San Francisco, California.
methodsUsing Amazon Mechanical Turk, a sample of San Francisco residents aged 18-34 who previously used tobacco products (N = 247) were surveyed about their tobacco use both before and after the ban. Descriptive statistics and regression models were applied.
resultsThe prevalence of overall flavored tobacco use decreased from 81% and 85% to 69% and 76% for 18-24 years and 25-34 years old, respectively. The prevalence of flavored e-cigarettes decreased from 57% and 56% to 45% and 48% for 18-24 years and 25-34 years old, respectively. The prevalence of cigars uses reduced as well. However, cigarette smoking increased, although not statistically significant among 25-34 years old. 66% of participants did not support the ban and 65% believed the ban had not been enforced completely. Most users reported being able to obtain flavored tobacco products in multiple ways despite the ban.
conclusionsThese findings suggest that comprehensive local flavor bans, by themselves, cannot sharply reduce the availability or use of flavored tobacco products among residents. Nevertheless, local bans can still significantly reduce overall e-cigarette use and cigar smoking but may increase cigarette smoking.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.