ReviewAmerican journal of cancer research2020
BRAF in malignant melanoma progression and metastasis: potentials and challenges.
Review in American journal of cancer research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metastatic melanoma of the major salivary glands - a systematic review.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2025Pooled it
- Resonance Energy Transfer-Driven Photothermal Nanoagent Enables Melanoma Ablation Under Low-Power Near-Infrared Irradiation.Advanced functional materials · 2026Article
- Pan-Cancer Analysis of ANO6 and Experimental Validation in Metastatic Melanoma.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Targeting IL13Rα2 in melanoma with a bispecific T-cell engager: expression profiling and preclinical evaluation.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Exploring Potential Therapeutic Applications of Tazarotene: Gene Regulation Mechanisms and Effects on Melanoma Cell Growth.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Xanthohumol Sensitizes Melanoma Cells to Vemurafenib by Lowering Membrane Cholesterol and Increasing Membrane Fluidity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial signatures shape phenotype switching and apoptosis in response to PLK1 inhibitors.Life science alliance · 2025Article
- Novel 5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole derivatives as dual BRAFBMC chemistry · 2025Article
- Design, Virtual Screening, Molecular Docking, ADME and Cytotoxicity Studies of 1,3,5-Triazine Containing Heterocyclic Scaffolds as Selective BRAF Monomeric, Homo and Heterodimeric Inhibitors.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2025Article
- Investigating therapeutic efficacy of dacarbazine and temozolomide, alone and in combination withIranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2025Article
- Global trends and emerging insights in BRAF and MEK inhibitor resistance in melanoma: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Article
- Machine learning-based pan-cancer study of classification and mechanism of BRAF inhibitor resistance.Translational cancer research · 2024Article
- BRAF and NRAS Mutations and the Association with Prognosis of Acral Lentiginous and Nodular Melanomas in Indonesia.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024Article
- Novel Oncogenic Value of C10orf90 in Colon Cancer Identified as a Clinical Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Functional Bidirectionality of ERV-Derived Long Non-Coding RNAs in Humans.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Review
- An updated literature on BRAF inhibitors (2018-2023).Molecular diversity · 2024Review
- Tumor associated macrophages as key contributors and targets in current and future therapies for melanoma.Expert review of clinical immunology · 2024Review
- Cyclic AMP-regulatory element-binding protein: a novel UV-targeted transcription factor in skin cancer.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2024Review
- A Comprehensive Review of Various Therapeutic Strategies for the Management of Skin Cancer.ACS omega · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent advances in gene sequencing have shown that activated BRAF mutations are present in more than 50% of malignant melanomas and contribute to constitutive signals in the MAPK pathway. Besides the importance of its mutations in cell proliferation, BRAF is associated with lymph node, brain and liver metastasis, along with the loss of PTEN expression and ATG5. Knowledge of this genetic alteration has led to the development of personalized and targeted therapy strategies which block different pathways driving melanoma pathogenesis. Several targeted therapy agents such as vemurafenib, dabrafenib and encorafenib have been approved by the FDA as BRAF inhibitors, as well as other immunotherapies such as anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab). However, one of the main challenges is acquired resistance via reactivation of MAPK via CRAF/COT overexpression. Resistance to current BRAF inhibitors is a clinical challenge and one of the strategies to overcome this phenomenon is combination treatment, with the most recently approved combination being BRAF/MEK inhibitors (dabrafenib and trametinib) and BRAF or MEK inhibitors with immunocheckpoint blockers. This review delineates the current role of BRAF in melanoma progression and metastasis. It discusses targeted therapies and resistance mechanisms to BRAF inhibitors, and illustrates strategies to overcome this mechanism with recently approved agents.
Indexed as
Identifiers
32368388PMC7191094W3023401146What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.