ArticleScientific reports2020
The role of early social rearing, neurological, and genetic factors on individual differences in mutual eye gaze among captive chimpanzees.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mother-Infant Face-to-Face Interactions Serve a Similar Function in Humans and Other Apes.Developmental science · 2025Article
- Article
- Long term impacts of early social environment on chimpanzee white matter.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A longitudinal comparison of maternal behaviour in German urban humans (Homo sapiens) and captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The effects of early rearing experiences on mutual eye gaze among captive olive baboons (Papio anubis).Developmental psychobiology · 2023Article
- Age- and sex-related differences in baboon (Papio anubis) gray matter covariation.Neurobiology of aging · 2023Article
- Face to face interactions in chimpanzee (Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Vasopressin, and not oxytocin, receptor gene methylation is associated with individual differences in receptive joint attention in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2023Article
- Article
- Heritability of social behavioral phenotypes and preliminary associations with autism spectrum disorder risk genes in rhesus macaques: A whole exome sequencing study.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2022Article
- Neuroanatomical correlates of individual differences in the object choice task in chimpanzees (Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Evolution and function of neurocognitive systems in non-human animals.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Age- and cognition-related differences in the gray matter volume of the chimpanzee brain (Pan troglodytes): A voxel-based morphometry and conjunction analysis.American journal of primatology · 2021Article
- Differences in the mutual eye gaze of bonobos (Pan paniscus) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
Mutual eye gaze plays an important role in primate social development and communication. In the current study, we examined the underlying experiential, genetic, and neuroanatomical basis of mutual eye gaze variation in adult captive chimpanzees. A multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant rearing effect on bout length, with human-reared chimpanzees engaging in longer bouts of mutual gaze compared to mother-reared and wild-born individuals. Next, we utilized source-based morphometry (SBM) to examine gray matter covariation in magnetic resonance imaging scans and determine the relationship between the resulting gray matter covariation components and mutual eye gaze. One SBM component was negatively correlated with gaze duration (nucleus accumbens and anterior insular cortex), while two components were positively correlated with bout length (posterior cingulate cortex, inferior occipital cortex, middle temporal cortex, hippocampus, and the precentral sulcus). Finally, heritability analyses revealed mutual eye gaze to be modestly heritable and significant genetic correlations between bout length and two gray matter covariation components. This study reveals that non-genetic factors, and to a lesser extent, genetic factors appear to influence mutual eye gaze in adult chimpanzees, and is the first to report neuroanatomical correlates of mutual eye gaze variation in chimpanzees.
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