ArticlePLoS pathogens2020
Salmonella Typhimurium discreet-invasion of the murine gut absorptive epithelium.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dual screen for gut metabolites suppressing enterobacterial growth and invasiveness reveals structure-activity relationships among anti-infective indoles.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Article
- Developmental factors drive the compartmentalized and discontinuous maturation of the small intestinal epithelium during the early postnatal period.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- An inflammasome-driven differentiation program in intestinal stem cells protects against Salmonella infection.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- The combination of matrine and tannic acid protects chickens against intestinal infection caused by Salmonella Typhimurium.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Infection strategies ofGut microbes reports · 2026Review
- TTSS-2 virulence drives inflammatory destruction of the gut epithelial barrier and modulates inflammatory response profiles in the Salmonella-infected mouse gut.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Salmonella multimutants enable efficient identification of SPI-2 effector protein function in gut inflammation and systemic colonization.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Lactobacillus crispatus 7-4 Mitigates Salmonella typhimurium-Induced Enteritis via the γ‑Glutamylcysteine-Mediated Nrf2 Pathway.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Determinants of divergentmBio · 2025Article
- Convergent mechanisms of epithelial cell structure manipulation by intestinal pathogens.PLoS pathogens · 2025Review
- Engineered Bacillus subtilis WB600/ZD prevents Salmonella Infantis-induced intestinal inflammation and alters the colon microbiota in a mouse model.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- Mechanisms conferring multi-layered protection against intestinal Salmonella Typhimurium infection.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Human tetraspanin CD81 facilitates invasion ofVirulence · 2024Article
- Antagonistic Effects of Actin-Specific Toxins onBiomolecules · 2024Article
- Article
- Antagonistic effects of actin-specific toxins onbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Stabilization of F-actin by Salmonella effector SipA resembles the structural effects of inorganic phosphate and phalloidin.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2024Article
- A two-step activation mechanism enables mast cells to differentiate their response between extracellular and invasive enterobacterial infection.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Destruction of the brush border byFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.Tm) infections of cultured cell lines have given rise to the ruffle model for epithelial cell invasion. According to this model, the Type-Three-Secretion-System-1 (TTSS-1) effectors SopB, SopE and SopE2 drive an explosive actin nucleation cascade, resulting in large lamellipodia- and filopodia-containing ruffles and cooperative S.Tm uptake. However, cell line experiments poorly recapitulate many of the cell and tissue features encountered in the host's gut mucosa. Here, we employed bacterial genetics and multiple imaging modalities to compare S.Tm invasion of cultured epithelial cell lines and the gut absorptive epithelium in vivo in mice. In contrast to the prevailing ruffle-model, we find that absorptive epithelial cell entry in the mouse gut occurs through "discreet-invasion". This distinct entry mode requires the conserved TTSS-1 effector SipA, involves modest elongation of local microvilli in the absence of expansive ruffles, and does not favor cooperative invasion. Discreet-invasion preferentially targets apicolateral hot spots at cell-cell junctions and shows strong dependence on local cell neighborhood. This proof-of-principle evidence challenges the current model for how S.Tm can enter gut absorptive epithelial cells in their intact in vivo context.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.