ArticleJournal of athletic training2020
Sports Medicine Staffing Across National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I, II, and III Schools: Evidence for the Medical Model.
Article in Journal of athletic training, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Implementation of the National Collegiate Athletic Association Sickle Cell Trait Screening Policy: Methods and Staff and Athlete Perspectives.Public health genomics · 2026Article
- Bayesian methods for estimating injury rates in sport injury epidemiology.Injury epidemiology · 2025Article
- Quantifying the Diagnostic Utility of Baseline Testing in Concussion Management: An Analysis of Collegiate Athletes From the NCAA-DoD CARE Consortium Dataset.The American journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- Female Collegiate Athletes' Concussion Characteristics and Recovery Patterns: A Report from the NCAA-DoD CARE Consortium.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- Return to Play at Preinjury Level After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Divisions II and III National Collegiate Athletic Association Student-Athletes.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2024Article
- Improving Concussion Education: Do Athletic Trainers' Opinions Match Expert Consensus?Journal of athletic training · 2024Article
- Attitudes Toward Injury-Prevention Program Participation Based on Race and Collegiate Division in Female Athletes.Journal of athletic training · 2024Article
- Health Systems in High-Performance Sport: Key Functions to Protect Health and Optimize Performance in Elite Athletes.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
- Factors and expectations influencing concussion disclosure within NCAA Division I athletes: A mixed methodological approach.Journal of sport and health science · 2023Article
- Interassociation Consensus Statement on Sports Nutrition Models for the Provision of Nutrition Services From Registered Dietitian Nutritionists in Collegiate Athletics.Journal of athletic training · 2022Article
- Sports Auxiliary Training Based on Computer Digital 3D Video Image Processing.Computational intelligence and neuroscience · 2022Article
- Roles And Responsibilities Of The Physical Therapist In Collegiate Athletics: Results Of A National Survey.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2022Article
- Article
- Examining Concussion Nondisclosure in Collegiate Athletes Using a Health Disparities Framework and Consideration of Social Determinants of Health.Journal of athletic training · 2022Article
- Hand and wrist injuries among collegiate athletes vary with athlete division.Injury epidemiology · 2021Article
- Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Baseball: 2014-2015 Through 2018-2019.Journal of athletic training · 2021Article
- Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Basketball: 2014-2015 Through 2018-2019.Journal of athletic training · 2021Article
- Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Lacrosse: 2014-2015 Through 2018-2019.Journal of athletic training · 2021Article
- Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Lacrosse: 2014-2015 Through 2018-2019.Journal of athletic training · 2021Article
- Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Field Hockey: 2014-2015 Through 2018-2019.Journal of athletic training · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextThe ratio of clinicians to patients has been associated with health outcomes in many medical contexts but has not been explored in collegiate sports medicine. The relationship between administrative and financial oversight models and staffing is also unknown.
objectiveTo (1) evaluate staffing patterns in National Collegiate Athletic Association sports medicine programs and (2) investigate whether staffing was associated with the division of competition, Power 5 conference status, administrative reporting structure (medical or athletic department), or financial structure (medical or athletic department).
designCross-sectional study.
settingCollegiate sports medicine programs. PATIENTS OR OTHER
participantsRepresentatives of 325 universities. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): A telephone survey was conducted during June and July 2015. Participants were asked questions regarding the presence and full-time equivalence of the health care providers on their sports medicine staff. The number of athletes per athletic trainer was determined.
resultsResponding sports medicine programs had 0.5 to 20 full-time equivalent staff athletic trainers (median = 4). Staff athletic trainers at participating schools cared for 21 to 525 athletes per clinician (median = 100). Both administrative and financial oversight from a medical department versus the athletics department was associated with improved staffing across multiple metrics. Staffing levels were associated with the division of competition; athletic trainers at Division I schools cared for fewer athletes than athletic trainers at Division II or III schools, on average. The support of graduate assistant and certified intern athletic trainers varied across the sample as did the contributions of nonphysician, nonathletic trainer health care providers.
conclusionsIn many health care settings, clinician : patient ratios are associated with patient health outcomes. We found systematic variations in clinician : patient ratios across National Collegiate Athletic Association divisions of competition and across medical versus athletics organizational models, raising the possibility that athletes' health outcomes vary across these contexts. Future researchers should evaluate the relationships between clinician : patient ratios and athletes' access to care, care provision, health care costs, health outcomes, and clinician job satisfaction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.