ArticlePsychopharmacology2020
Infralimbic cortex activity is required for the expression but not the acquisition of conditioned safety.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- PV - Oligodendrocyte Interactions in the Infralimbic Cortex Promote Extracellular Plasticity after Safety Learning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Pavlovian safety learning: An integrative theoretical review.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2025Review
- An infralimbic cortex neuronal ensemble encoded during learning attenuates fear generalization expression.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Differential recruitment of brain circuits during fear extinction in non-stressed compared to stress resilient animals.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Social support and fear-inhibition: an examination of underlying neural mechanisms.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2024Article
- Animal models of human insomnia.Journal of sleep research · 2023Review
- Psychological and physiological correlates of stimulus discrimination in adults.Psychophysiology · 2023Article
- Histochemical mapping of the duration of action of photobiomodulation on cytochrome c oxidase in the rat brain.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Cortico-Striatal Activity Characterizes Human Safety Learning via Pavlovian Conditioned Inhibition.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2022Article
- Prefrontal-hippocampal interactions supporting the extinction of emotional memories: the retrieval stopping model.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Review
- Auditory and cross-modal attentional bias toward positive natural sounds: Behavioral and ERP evidence.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Safety learning during development: Implications for development of psychopathology.Behavioural brain research · 2021Review
- Intranasal oxytocin compensates for estrus cycle-specific reduction of conditioned safety memory in rats: Implications for psychiatric disorders.Neurobiology of stress · 2021Article
- Pre-adolescent stress disrupts adult, but not adolescent, safety learning.Behavioural brain research · 2021Article
- Juvenile stress facilitates safety learning in male and female high alcohol preferring mice.Behavioural brain research · 2021Article
- Salient safety conditioning improves novel discrimination learning.Behavioural brain research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The ability to discriminate between danger and safety is crucial for survival across species. Whereas danger signals predict the onset of a potentially threatening event, safety signals indicate the non-occurrence of an aversive event, thereby reducing fear and stress responses. While the neural basis of conditioned safety remains to be elucidated, fear extinction studies provide evidence that the infralimbic cortex (IL) modulates fear inhibition. In the current study, the IL was temporarily inactivated with local muscimol injections in male and female rats. The effect of IL inactivation on the acquisition and expression of conditioned safety was investigated utilizing the startle response. Temporary inactivation of the IL prior to conditioning did not affect the acquisition of conditioned safety, whereas IL inactivation during the expression test completely blocked the expression of conditioned safety in male and female rats. Inactivation of the neighboring prelimbic (PL) cortex during the expression test did not affect the expression of safety memory. Our findings suggest that the IL is a critical brain region for the expression of safety memory. Because patients suffering from anxiety disorders are often unable to make use of safety cues to inhibit fear, the present findings are of clinical relevance and could potentially contribute to therapy optimization of anxiety-related psychiatric disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.