ReviewNeuroscience insights2019
Meningeal Lymphatics: A Review and Future Directions From a Clinical Perspective.
Review in Neuroscience insights, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05414487 (Exploring the Effects of B Cell Depletion With Ofatumumab on Immune Cells and Meningeal Lymphatic Drainage in Patients With Demyelinating Diseases - a Prospective Observational Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Exploring the Effects of B Cell Depletion With Ofatumumab on Immune Cells and Meningeal Lymphatic Drainage in Patients With Demyelinating Diseases - a Prospective Observational Study
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review of Magnetic Resonance Lymphangiography From a Technical Perspective.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2021Pooled it
- Mapping Lymphatic Drainage from the Human Brain to the Head and Neck: Potential Surgical Implications for Dementia.Archives of plastic surgery · 2026Article
- Article
- Physical exercise as a non-pharmacological strategy to enhance glymphatic function.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- Photoacoustic computed tomography monitors cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and glymphatic function.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Deep cervical lymph node analysis in central nervous system inflammatory disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Extracellular RNAs as Messengers and Early Biomarkers in Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The emerging role of biomaterial applications in cerebral lymphatic surgical interventions: A narrative review.Biomaterials and biosystems · 2025Review
- Morphology of the glymphatic and meningeal lymphatic structures of the bottlenose dolphin.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Long-term physical exercise facilitates putative glymphatic and meningeal lymphatic vessel flow in humans.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Meningeal Lymphatic and Glymphatic Structures in a Pelagic Delphinid (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Functional and Clinical Relevance of the Crosstalk between the Glymphatic System and the Lymphatic System.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Review
- Early clinico-radiological outcomes following neuroendoscopic cysto-cisternostomy for middle cranial fossa arachnoid cysts: a prospective cohort study with illustrative cases.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2024Article
- Enhanced Brain Clearance of Tau and Amyloid-β in Alzheimer's Disease Patients by Transcranial Radiofrequency Wave Treatment: A Central Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF).Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2024Article
- The Cervical and Meningeal Lymphatic Network as a Pathway for Retrograde Nanoparticle Transport to the Brain.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Article
- The glymphatic system's role in traumatic brain injury-related neurodegeneration.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Review
- Mechanisms of Photostimulation of Brain's Waste Disposal System: The Role of Singlet Oxygen.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
- Blood-brain barrier: emerging trends on transport models and new-age strategies for therapeutics intervention against neurological disorders.Molecular brain · 2022Review
- Brain Fluid Channels for Metabolite Removal.Physiological research · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The recent discovery of lymphatic vessels in the meningeal layers calls into question the known mechanisms of fluid and macromolecule homeostasis and immunoregulation within the central nervous system. These meningeal lymphatic vessels and their potential role in the pathophysiology of neurological disease have become a rapidly expanding area of research, with the hopes that they may provide a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of many devastating conditions. This article reviews the current state of knowledge surrounding the anatomical structure of the vessels, their functions in fluid and solute transport and immune surveillance, as well as their studied developmental biology, relationship with the novel hypothesized "glymphatic" system, and implications in neurodegenerative disease in animal models. Furthermore, this review summarizes findings from the human studies conducted thus far regarding the presence, anatomy, and drainage patterns of meningeal lymphatic vessels and discusses, from a clinical perspective, advancements in both imaging technologies and interventional methodologies used to access ultrafine peripheral lymphatic vessels.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.