ArticleJournal of geriatric cardiology : JGC2020
Growth differentiation factor-15 is a prognostic marker in patients with intermediate coronary artery disease.
Article in Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Meta-Analysis of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 and Prognosis in Chronic Heart Failure.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Association Between Growth Differentiation Factor-15 and Coagulation Parameters in Male Chinese Patients With Coronary Artery Disease.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- TGF-β Isoforms and GDF-15 in the Development and Progression of Atherosclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Role of the Stress- and Inflammation-Induced Cytokine GDF-15 in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Basic Research to Clinical Relevance.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Adipokines in atherosclerosis: unraveling complex roles.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Association of growth differentiation factor-15 level with adverse outcomes in patients with stable coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis.Atherosclerosis plus · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGrowth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is involved in multiple processes that are associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, little is known about the association between GDF-15 and the future ischemic events in patients with intermediate CAD. This study was conducted to investigate whether plasma GDF-15 constituted risk biomarkers for future cardiovascular events in patients with intermediate CAD.
methodsA prospective study was performed based on 541 patients with intermediate CAD (20%-70%). GDF-15 of each patient was determined in a blinded manner. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac event (MACE), which was defined as a composite of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, revascularization and readmission due to angina pectoris.
resultsAfter a median follow-up of 64 months, 504 patients (93.2%) completed the follow-up. Overall, the combined endpoint of MACE appeared in 134 patients (26.6%) in the overall population: 26 patients died, 11 patients suffered a nonfatal myocardial infarction, 51 patients underwent revascularization, and 46 patients were readmitted for angina pectoris. The plasma levels of GDF-15 (median: 1172.02
conclusionsThe higher level of GDF-15 was an independent predictor of long-term adverse cardiovascular events in patients with intermediate CAD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.