SynthesisOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2020
Exposure to heavy metals and the risk of osteopenia or osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between Environmental Cadmium Exposure and Osteoporosis Risk in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Comparison of dietary and physical activity behaviors in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 39 471 women.Human reproduction update · 2022Pooled it
- Urine Cadmium as a Risk Factor for Osteoporosis and Osteopenia: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Association between multiple urinary trace metal elements and lumbar bone mineral density in adults.Nagoya journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS) promote osteoclastogenesis and bone loss through PPARα activation.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Osteoclast-derived exosomal miR-30a-3p promotes lead exposure-induced osteoporosis by triggering osteoblastic pyroptosis.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2025Article
- Vitamin D Alleviates Heavy Metal-Induced Cytotoxic Effects on Human Bone Osteoblasts Via the Induction of Bioenergetic Disruption, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Analysis of the association between mixed exposure to multiple metals and comorbidity of osteopenia or osteoporosis: baseline data from the Chinese Multi-Ethnic Cohort study (CMEC).BMC public health · 2025Article
- Unveiling the wealth-bone connection: How socioeconomic status influences trabecular bone health.PloS one · 2025Article
- Fucoxanthin alleviates the cytotoxic effects of cadmium and lead on a human osteoblast cell line.Toxicology research · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- A few-shot learning framework for the diagnosis of osteopenia and osteoporosis using knee X-ray images.The Journal of international medical research · 2024Article
- Prolonged Cadmium Exposure and Osteoclastogenesis: A Mechanistic Mouse andEnvironmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- The association between heavy metal exposure and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Review
- Urinary cadmium was linearly and positively associated with cardiac infarction/injury score and subclinical myocardial injury in the general population without cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease.International urology and nephrology · 2024Article
- Genetic, Immunological, Dietary, Gut Microbiota, and Environmental Determinants of Osteoporosis in the Course of Celiac Disease: Which Factor Plays the First Violin in This Orchestra?Calcified tissue international · 2024Review
- Article
- Sex-specific associations of urinary mixed-metal concentrations with femoral bone mineral density among older people: an NHANES (2017-2020) analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The relationship between heavy metal exposure and risk of osteopenia or osteoporosis has biological plausibility, yet it remains inconclusive; therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the associations between exposure to heavy metals (i.e., cadmium, lead, and mercury) and the risk of osteopenia or osteoporosis. Databases of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched through November 2019, to identify studies that evaluated the relationship between exposure to cadmium, lead, and mercury and risk of osteopenia or osteoporosis in adults. Fourteen eligible studies were included. Effect sizes expressed as pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using weighted random-effect models. Exposure to cadmium (OR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.56; P ≤ 0.001) and lead (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.32; P = 0.05) was associated with an increased risk of osteopenia or osteoporosis, unlike mercury. Subgroup analyses showed cadmium exposure increased the risk of osteopenia or osteoporosis in older (> 65 yrs.; OR = 1.43; 95%CI: 1.08 to 1.88, P = 0.01) compared with younger (18-65 yrs.; OR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.52, P = 0.03) adults. Also, lead exposure increased the risk in men (OR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.15 to 2.09, P = 0.007) unlike in women. By contrast to urinary levels, blood (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.47, P = 0.003) and dietary (OR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.28 to 1.67, P < 0.001) levels of cadmium were associated with an increased risk of osteopenia or osteoporosis. Exposure to cadmium and lead may be associated with an increased risk of osteopenia or osteoporosis, although high heterogeneity was detected.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.