ArticleJournal of hazardous materials2020
Transmission of pathogen-laden expiratory droplets in a coach bus.
Article in Journal of hazardous materials, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A review of strategies and their effectiveness in reducing indoor airborne transmission and improving indoor air quality.Environmental research · 2022Pooled it
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- Investigation of infectious droplet dispersion in a hospital examination room cooled by split-type air conditioner.Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2024Article
- Experimental study on bioaerosols behavior and purification measures in a subway compartment.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Effect of an accelerating metro cabin on the diffusion of cough droplets.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- COVID-19 transmission and control in land public transport: A literature review.Fundamental research · 2024Review
- Numerical performance of COScientific reports · 2024Article
- Airborne respiratory aerosol transport and deposition in a two-person office using a novel diffusion-based numerical model.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2024Article
- Addressing the Knowledge Deficit in Hospital Bed Planning and Defining an Optimum Region for the Number of Different Types of Hospital Beds in an Effective Health Care System.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
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- Influence of natural ventilation design on the dispersion of pathogen-laden droplets in a coach bus.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Fates of Emitted Particles Depending on Mask Wearing Using an Approach Validated Across Spatial Scales.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2023Article
- A frontal air intake may improve the natural ventilation in urban buses.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Modeling the effect of temperature and relative humidity on exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in a mechanically ventilated room.Indoor air · 2022Article
- Bioaerosol distribution characteristics and potential SARS-CoV-2 infection risk in a multi-compartment dental clinic.Building and environment · 2022Article
- Ventilation reconstruction in bathrooms for restraining hazardous plume: Mitigate COVID-19 and beyond.Journal of hazardous materials · 2022Article
- Impacts of human movement and ventilation mode on the indoor environment, droplet evaporation, and aerosol transmission risk at airport terminals.Building and environment · 2022Article
- Analysis of the spread of cough droplets and body deposition fraction in the smart classroom in different seasons.Hygiene and environmental health advances · 2022Article
- Optimized mechanism for fast removal of infectious pathogen-laden aerosols in the negative-pressure unit.Journal of hazardous materials · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Droplet dispersion carrying viruses/bacteria in enclosed/crowded buses may induce transmissions of respiratory infectious diseases, but the influencing mechanisms have been rarely investigated. By conducting high-resolution CFD simulations, this paper investigates the evaporation and transport of solid-liquid mixed droplets (initial diameter 10 μm and 50 μm, solid to liquid ratio is 1:9) exhaled in a coach bus with 14 thermal manikins. Five air-conditioning supply directions and ambient relative humidity (RH = 35 % and 95 %) are considered. Results show that ventilation effectiveness, RH and initial droplet size significantly influence droplet transmissions in coach bus. 50 μm droplets tend to evaporate completely within 1.8 s and 7 s as RH = 35 % and 95 % respectively, while 0.2 s or less for 10 μm droplets. Thus 10 μm droplets diffuse farther with wider range than 50 μm droplets which tend to deposit more on surfaces. Droplet dispersion pattern differs due to various interactions of gravity, ventilation flows and the upward thermal body plume. The fractions of droplets suspended in air, deposited on wall surfaces are quantified. This study implies high RH, backward supply direction and passengers sitting at nonadjacent seats can effectively reduce infection risk of droplet transmission in buses. Besides taking masks, regular cleaning is also recommended since 85 %-100 % of droplets deposit on object surfaces.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.