SynthesisClinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association2021
Women Have a Lower Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease but a Higher Risk of Progression vs Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 180 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
180 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 298 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-dimorphic gene regulation in murine macrophages across niches.Immunology and cell biology · 2025Pooled it
- Type 2 diabetes, hepatic decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an individual participant-level data meta-analysis.The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Trial
- pFIB scores for paediatric MASLD fibrosis are associated with risk of youth-onset type 2 diabetes in children with obesity.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Article
- Time-Varying Impact of Steatosis and Alcohol on Mortality: A Marginal Structural Model of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Article
- Association of food insecurity with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by sex and race/ethnicity.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- From lipid overload to autophagy collapse: how lipid dysregulation drives chronic inflammation and metabolic disease.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Trends in atrial fibrillation and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-related mortality in the United States from 1999 to 2020: a CDC WONDER analysis.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Review
- Association of testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin with chronic liver disease outcomes across sex and menopausal status.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Construction of a predictive model for the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with sleep apnea syndrome based on multiple machine learning algorithms: a multicenter study.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2026Article
- Observational
- Predicting MASLD in People With HIV Using Anthropometric Measures: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Long-term prognosis of coexistent metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and chronic kidney disease following acute myocardial infarction.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026Article
- Reproducibility and Sex Differences in a STZ-High-Fat Diet Model of MASLD and Early Hepatocarcinogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Diabetes and obesity reduce FIB-4 accuracy in MASLD referral pathways.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- Lactational Western-Style Fat Exposure in Mice Programs Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in Male Offspring.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Article
- Hypertension Associated with the Risk of Extrahepatic Cancers in the Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease Population: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study in China.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2026Article
- Sex-Specific Cardiometabolic Profiles and Severity of Liver Fibrosis.JAMA network open · 2026Article
120 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsThe risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progression may differ between men and women. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the relationship between sex and NAFLD, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and advanced NAFLD fibrosis.
methodsStudies reporting sex-stratified NAFLD prevalence among population-based samples and either NASH or advanced fibrosis among patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD were identified from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases through December 2017. We calculated pooled relative risk ratios comparing women vs men for each outcome.
resultsOur final analysis comprised 54 studies. Samples sizes were 62,239 for the NAFLD analysis, 5428 for the NASH analysis, and 6444 for the advanced fibrosis analysis. Women had a 19% lower risk of NAFLD than men in the general population (pooled risk ratio [RR], 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68-0.97; I
conclusionsIn a systematic review and meta-analysis, we found women to have a lower risk of NAFLD than men. However, once NAFLD is established, women have a higher risk of advanced fibrosis than men, especially after age 50 years.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.