ArticleInternational journal of legal medicine2020
The ballistic performance of bone when impacted by fragments.
Article in International journal of legal medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- An Ultra-Thin Screen-Printed Conductive Film for Fragment Velocity Measurement: Design, Simulation, and Experimental Validation.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A Material Approach to Endangered Species Conservation: Characterization and 3D Imaging of Ballistic Damage in the Casques of Helmeted Hornbill (Integrative organismal biology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Extra-capsular proximal femoral fractures: a cohort comparison of union and complication rates after ballistic versus blunt trauma.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025Article
- Article
- Ballistic Gels in Experimental Fracture Setting.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Interpol review of forensic firearm examination 2019-2022.Forensic science international. Synergy · 2023Review
- A study into the viability of Synbone® as a proxy for Sus scrofa (domesticus) ribs for use with 7.62 × 51 mm Full Metal Jacket ammunition in ballistic testing.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2021Article
- A study into the viability of Synbone® as a proxy for Sus scrofa (domesticus) ribs for use with 5.56-mm open tip match ammunition in ballistic testing.International journal of legal medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Physical models are required to generate the underlying algorithms that populate computer simulations of the effects of explosive fragmenting devices. These models and simulations are used for understanding weapon performance, designing buildings and optimising personal protective equipment. Previous experimental work has investigated the performance of skin and muscle when subjected to fragmentation threats, but limited evidence exists for the performance of bone when impacted by fragments. In the current work, ballistic testing was conducted using two types of internationally recognised steel fragment simulating projectiles (FSPs): (i) 5.5 mm diameter (0.68 g) ball bearing (BBs) and (ii) 1.10 g chisel nosed (CN). These projectiles were fired at isolated swine ribs at impact velocities between 99 and 1265 m/s. Impact events were recorded using a high-speed camera. Selected specimens were analysed post-impact with plain x-radiographs and micro-CT scanning to determine damage to the bone architecture. Bones were perforated with a kinetic energy density (KED) as low as 0.14 J/mm
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.