Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32358506›Full record

ArticleNature communications2020

Chronic bee paralysis as a serious emerging threat to honey bees.

Giles E Budge, Nicola K Simcock, Philippa J Holder, Mark D F Shirley, Mike A Brown, Pauline S M Van Weymers, David J Evans, Steve P Rushton

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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  12. Article
  13. Crude Extracts ofViruses · 2023
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Occurrence of Honey Bee (Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Giles E BudgeSchool of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, NE1 7RU, UK. giles.budge@newcastle.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6175-2095
Nicola K SimcockSchool of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, NE1 7RU, UK.
Philippa J HolderSchool of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, NE1 7RU, UK.
Mark D F ShirleySchool of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, NE1 7RU, UK.
Mike A BrownNational Bee Unit, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK.
Pauline S M Van WeymersBiomedical Sciences Research Complex and School of Biology, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5192-2369
David J EvansBiomedical Sciences Research Complex and School of Biology, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1315-4258
Steve P RushtonSchool of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, NE1 7RU, UK.

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/R00305X/1Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/R00482X/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic bee paralysis is a well-defined viral disease of honey bees with a global distribution that until recently caused rare but severe symptomatology including colony loss. Anecdotal evidence indicates a recent increase in virus incidence in several countries, but no mention of concomitant disease. We use government honey bee health inspection records from England and Wales to test whether chronic bee paralysis is an emerging infectious disease and investigate the spatiotemporal patterns of disease. The number of chronic bee paralysis cases increased exponentially between 2007 and 2017, demonstrating chronic bee paralysis as an emergent disease. Disease is highly clustered spatially within most years, suggesting local spread, but not between years, suggesting disease burnt out with periodic reintroduction. Apiary and county level risk factors are confirmed to include scale of beekeeping operation and the history of honey bee imports. Our findings offer epidemiological insight into this damaging emerging disease.

Indexed as

AnimalsBeekeepingBeesEnglandEntomologyInsect VirusesPhylogenyVirus DiseasesWales

Identifiers

PMID32358506
PMCPMC7195492

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.