ArticleBMC neurology2020
Encephalopathy following ingestion of Lead-contaminated opium; magnetic resonance imaging findings.
Article in BMC neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- A case report of potentially inappropriate medication-induced lead encephalopathy mimicking autoimmune encephalitis.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Article
- Lead encephalopathy in an adult opioid abuser.BMJ case reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEncephalopathy is an uncommon but serious presentation of lead toxicity.
objectiveWe aimed to determine and follow-up the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities in the patients with lead encephalopathy due to ingestion of lead contaminated opium.
methodsIn a cross-sectional study during lead-contaminated opium outbreak, all lead-poisoned patients with any signs/symptoms of encephalopathy were included.
resultsOf 19 patients with lead encephalopathy, five died early and other five could not be sent to MRI during their hospitalization period. Mean age was 51 ± 11 years and males were dominant (89%). Median [IQR] blood lead level (BLL) was 101 [81, 108] μg/dL (range; 50 to 200 μg/dL). There was no correlation between MRI findings and signs/symptoms. MRI was normal in six and abnormal in three. Bilateral symmetric involvement of parieto-occipital lobes was observed. Gray matter, gray-white matter junction, and subcortical white matter were also affected. Follow-up MRI was performed in two with abnormal MRI which showed complete and near complete resolution of the abnormalities after cessation of opium use and treatment.
conclusionThere was no correlation between MRI findings and BLL. Complete recovery of brain MRI lesions was detected after cessation of opium use.
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