ReviewAnnals of translational medicine2020
Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and restrictive allograft syndrome after lung transplantation: why are there two distinct forms of chronic lung allograft dysfunction?
Review in Annals of translational medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- An integrated multiomic single-vesicle atlas delineates graft exosome heterogeneity in chronic lung allograft dysfunction.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Outcomes after lung retransplantation for restrictive allograft syndrome have not improved over 2 decades.JTCVS open · 2026Article
- Feasibility and Safety of 1.1-mm Cryobiopsy for Acute Rejection Surveillance in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Comparative Study and Review of the Literature.Pulmonary medicine · 2026Observational
- Vascular Remodeling in Chronic Rejection: Insights into Transplant Vasculopathy Across Solid Organ Allografts.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026Review
- Novel insights into diagnosis and management of hyperreactivity: a narrative review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Review
- Refined cuff technique minimizes surgical complexity in rat lung transplantation and improves outcomes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exhaled breath particles as a diagnostic tool for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome in lung transplant recipients: a longitudinal study.Frontiers in transplantation · 2025Article
- Triple role of exosomes in lung transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Time to Rethink Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome Following Lung or Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Pediatric Patients.Cancers · 2024Review
- Beyond the organ: lung microbiome shapes transplant indications and outcomes.European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery · 2024Review
- Airway epithelium in lung transplantation: a potential actor for post-transplant complications?European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2024Review
- Late-Onset Exudative Pleural Effusions Without Concomitant Airway Obstruction or Lung Parenchymal Abnormalities: A Novel Presentation of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Article
- Metformin attenuates chronic lung allograft dysfunction: evidence in rat models.Respiratory research · 2023Article
- Extracellular vesicles: a potential new player in antibody-mediated rejection in lung allograft recipients.Frontiers in transplantation · 2023Article
- A European Multi-Center Analysis of Extracorporeal Photopheresis as Therapy for Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2023Article
- Lymphocytic Airway Inflammation in Lung Allografts.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Factors affecting complications development and mortality after single lung transplant.World journal of transplantation · 2021Review
- The Actualization of the Transplantation Complex on the Axis of Psychosomatic Totality-Results of a Qualitative Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- An update on current treatment strategies for managing bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after lung transplantation.Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) had been considered to be the representative form of chronic rejection or chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) after lung transplantation. In BOS, small airways are affected by chronic inflammation and obliterative fibrosis, whereas peripheral lung tissue remains relatively intact. However, recognition of another form of CLAD involving multiple tissue compartments in the lung, termed restrictive allograft syndrome (RAS), raised a fundamental question: why there are two phenotypes of CLAD? Increasing clinical and experimental data suggest that RAS may be a prototype of chronic rejection after lung transplantation involving both cellular and antibody-mediated alloimmune responses. Some cases of RAS are also induced by fulminant general inflammation in lung allografts. However, BOS involves alloimmune responses and the airway-centered disease process can be explained by multiple mechanisms such as external alloimmune-independent stimuli (such as infection, aspiration and air pollution), exposure of airway-specific autoantigens and airway ischemia. Localization of immune responses in different anatomical compartments in different phenotypes of CLAD might be associated with lymphoid neogenesis or the
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