ArticleBMJ open2020
Correlation between patient and visitor violence and workload among public healthcare workers in China: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and Determinants of Workplace Violence Against Nurses in the Italian Home Care Settings: A Cross-Sectional Multicentre Study.Journal of clinical nursing · 2026Observational
- Mediator Effect of Work Overload Between Fear of Future Violence at Work and Turnover Intention in Nurses.International journal of nursing practice · 2026Article
- Violence from patients and visitors in the emergency department - reporting of aggression by medical staff.International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health · 2025Article
- Exploring barriers and facilitators in nurses' reporting of patient and visitor violence: a cross-sectional study in China.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Characteristics and Trends of Workplace Violence towards Frontline Health Workers under Comprehensive Interventions in a Chinese Infectious Disease Hospital.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Validity of OSDI-6 questionnaire in a Chinese adult population.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The effectiveness of a workplace violence prevention strategy based on situational prevention theory for nurses in managing violent situations: a quasi-experimental study.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Workplace Predictors of Violence against Nurses Using Machine Learning Techniques: A Cross-Sectional Study Utilizing the National Standard of Psychological Workplace Health and Safety.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Effects of infection prevention and control measures on patient and visitor violence against health workers in China during COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Improving occupational health for health workers in a pilot hospital by application of the HealthWISE international tool: An interview and observation study in China.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Worker Characteristics and Measures Associated With Patient and Visitor Violence in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multilevel Regression Analysis From China.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Occupational Health Protection for Health Workers in China With Lessons Learned From the UK: Qualitative Interview and Policy Analysis.Safety and health at work · 2021Article
- Risk assessment of workplace violence towards health workers in a Chinese hospital: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesWe studied the characteristics of patient and visitor violence (PVV) and the workload of doctors and nurses, and identified the correlation between the incidence of PVV and healthcare worker (HCW) workload in China.
designCross-sectional study.
setting288 public health institutions in a city in northern China.
participantsData on 87 998 HCWs were extracted from the 2015 database of the Medical Quality and Safety Notification System. MEASURES: The data included characteristics of the healthcare institution, types of services provided, information about each complaint and reported PVV incidents by hospital level. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression modelling were used to identify the correlation between the incidence of PVV and HCW workload.
resultsThree types of institutions were identified as being at particularly high risk for PVV: tertiary hospitals, specialised hospitals and institutions in a downtown district. Incidence rates of PVV at tertiary hospitals, specialised hospitals and institutions in a downtown district were 16.6%, 17.6% and 22.8%, respectively. All three types of institutions had a high inpatient workload (admissions per doctor per day): 0.15, 0.17 and 0.12, respectively. After controlling for scale, type and location, it was found that the overall incidence rate of PVV increased with increasing outpatient workload (β=0.236, p<0.01).
conclusionsPVV poses a significant challenge to public health institutions in China, and the high workload of HCWs likely contributes to higher risk of PVV. Prevention and intervention of PVV may be targeted to HCWs at specific institutions. The patient complaint notification system needs improvement and could be, for example, a better source of PVV information for future interventions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.